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TRL3704 Exam pack 2024(Sea Transport)
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TRL3704 EXAMPACK 2024
QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
FOR ASSISTANCE CONTACT
EMAIL:gabrielmusyoka940@gmail.com
, lOMoARcPSD|44660598
PART 1: GROWTH OF A SOUTH AFRICAN MARITIME TRANSPORT
INDUSTRY
CONTENTS
1 Growth of a South African Maritime Transport Industry ........................................ 1-1
1.1 Scope and aim of the paper ........................................................................................ 1-1
1.2 Overview of the South African Maritime Transport Sector ........................................... 1-1
1.3 Contribution of maritime services sector to the National Economy .............................. 1-3
1.4 Effect of the international crisis on South Africa’s maritime transport services industry ....
...................................................................................................................... 1-11
1.5 Role of coastal shipping and transhipment in the logistics of South African transport 1-19
1.6 Measures to promote the development of the maritime transport industry and job
creation ...................................................................................................................... 1-21
1.6.1 Improvement of the South African Ship Register ........................................................................ 1-21
1.6.2 Tonnage tax ................................................................................................................................ 1-22
1.6.3 Open registry............................................................................................................................... 1-22
1.6.4 Balance of payments ................................................................................................................... 1-26
1.6.5 Cabotage .................................................................................................................................... 1-26
1.6.6 Protectionism and BEE ............................................................................................................... 1-27
1.7 Ship repair, ship breaking and ship building .............................................................. 1-30
1.7.1 Ship repair ................................................................................................................................... 1-30
1.7.2 Ship breaking .............................................................................................................................. 1-34
1.7.3 Ship building ............................................................................................................................... 1-36
1.8 Industrial Development Zones ................................................................................... 1-38
1.9 Maritime Training ...................................................................................................... 1-40
1.10 Off shoring ................................................................................................................ 1-43
1.11 Public interventions to promote maritime transport and services development .......... 1-45
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1.1: Summary of cargo handled at South African Ports, 2006 ................................... 1-5
Table 1.2: Summary of cargo handled at South African Ports, 2007 ................................... 1-6
Table 1.3: Summary of cargo handled at South African Ports, 2008 ................................... 1-7
Table 1.4: Summary of cargo handled at South African Ports, 2009 ................................... 1-8
Table 1.5: Summary of cargo handled at South African Ports, 2010 ................................... 1-9
Table 1.6: Global trade volumes ....................................................................................... 1-14
Table 1.7: Liner companies trading to South Africa ........................................................... 1-17
Table 1.8: Number of laden containers landed at South African ports for transhipment, ... 1-20
Table 1.9: Current registries listed as FOCs ..................................................................... 1-23
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1.1: Percentage changes in imports and exports in comparison with the preceding
year .................................................................................................................................. 1-10
Figure 1.2: Growth of world income and the volume of imports, 2002-2012 ...................... 1-11
Figure 1.3: Growth of the Volume and Dollar Value of World Exports, 2002-2012 ............ 1-12
Figure 1.4: Percentage change in World's Gross product, 2004-2012 ............................... 1-13
Figure 1.5 : Developing countries economic growth .......................................................... 1-13
Figure 1.6: World container traffic vs GDP ........................................................................ 1-15
Figure 1.7: Container shipping lines financial performance, 2009 ..................................... 1-15
Figure 1.8: Durban based floating dock, Eldock* ............................................................... 1-34
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LIST OF ACRONYMS
BEE Black Economic Empowerment
BPO Business process offshoring
BRIC Brazil Russia India China
CIF Cost Insurance Freight
DTI Department of Trade and Industry
dwt Dead Weight Tonnage
EIS Environmental impact study
EMIA Export Market and Investment Assistance
FET Further Educational Training
FOB Free on board
FOC Flag-of convenience
GMDSS Global Maritime Distress System
GT Gross Tonne
IDZ Industrial Development Zone
ILO International Labour Organisation
IMO International Maritime Organisation
IPAP Industry Policy Action Plan
ITF International Transport Workers Federation
LISCR Liberian International Ship & Corporate Registry
MSC Mediterranean Shipping Company
NQF National Qualifications Framework
NVOCC Non-vessel owning common carrier
OACL Ocean Africa Container Lines
ROCE Return on capital employed
RoD Record of Decision
SAAFF South African Association of Freight Forwarders
SAECS South Africa-Europe Container Service
SAMSA South Africa Maritime Safety Authority
SAMTRA South Africa Maritime Training Academy
SAGOA South African Oil and Gas Alliance
SAQA South African Qualifications Authority
SETA Sector Education and Training Authority
SRF Ship recycling facility
STCW Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping
TETA Transport Education & Training Authority
TEU Twenty Foot Equivalent Unit
TOR Terms of Reference
UK United Kingdom
ULBC Ultra large bulk carrier
UNCTAD United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
USA United States of America
VLCS Very large container ship
VLCC Very large crude carrier
VLOC Very large ore carrier
NDoT SA Maritime Transport Sector Study / Part July 2011 iii
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