NUR 220 CCTC TEST 4 (UNIT 8, 9,
& 10) Questions and answers with
100% correct solutions | A+ Grade
Epidemiology of measles (Rubeola): ✔✔occurrence peaks in late winter and early spring
Transmission of measles (Rubeola): ✔✔direct contract with resp. droplets and airborne spread
Period of communicability for measles: ✔✔4 days before the rash and 4 days after rash
Prodromal stage of measles: ✔✔-high fever (up to 105)
-*Koplik spots* (1-3 mm gray or blue-gray spots on an erythematous base)
-lasts about 1-3 days
Stage 2 of measles: ✔✔*maculopapular rash (dark red to purple), reaching a peak in 2-4 days when
it becomes confluent*
Complications of measles: ✔✔pneumonia, otitis media, encephalitis, diarrhea
Medical management of measles: ✔✔-No antiviral therapy available
-Antibiotics are used for secondary bacterial infections
Prevention of Measles: ✔✔MMR vaccine
,Nursing management of Measles: ✔✔-airborne precautions
-use a cool mist vaporizer to help clear resp. passages
-give NONASPIRIN antipyretics for fever and antipruritics for itching. Cough medication may be
prescribed
-Keep lights dim, and cover windows if the child has
photophobia -keep skin clean and dry. Avoid using soap
-offer cool liquids (d/t fever) frequently in small amounts. Blended, pureed, and mashed food easily
tolerated
-maintain bed rest. Visitors should be immune to measles. Provide diversional activities
Causal agent of rubella (German measles): ✔✔RNA virus
Epidemiology of rubella: ✔✔-most prevalent in winter and spring
-most US cases occur among from people from other countries and those underimmunized.
Transmission of Rubella: ✔✔Droplet spread
direct contract with nasal secretions
Period of communicability for rubella? ✔✔7 days before to about 7 days after appearance of rash
-infants with congenital rubella may shed the virus for 1 year or longer after birth
Diagnostic testing of rubella: ✔✔cell culture from a nasal swab, and detection of IgM or IgG antibodies
,Medical managment of rubella: ✔✔supportive tx
Prognosis of rubella: ✔✔congenital rubella syndrome may result in death or congenital anomalies
Prevention of rubella: ✔✔MMR vaccine
Nursing management of rubella: ✔✔-standard and droplet precautions
-maintain contact precautions for infants with congenital rubella syndrome until 1 year of age unless
nasopharyngeal and urine cultures are repeatdly neg after 3 months of age
-provide quiet activities
-isolate the child from pregnant women
-give *NONASPIRIN ANALGESICS AND ANTIPYRETICS for any pain and
fever* -encourage the child to consume preferred fluids and foods
-exclude children from child care or school for *7 days after onset of rash*
Causal agent for parotitis (mumps) ✔✔rubulavirus in the paramyxoviridae family
Epidemiology for parotitis: ✔✔-world wide in unvaccinated
children -most often in winter and spring
-infection and vaccination induce lifelong immunity
Transmission of mumps: ✔✔inhalation of resp. secretion droplets
, S/S of parotitis: ✔✔acute onset of malaise, fever, muscle aches, and *swelling of one or more
salivary glands*
-may be asymptomatic
Complications of parotitis (mumps): ✔✔inflammation of the testicles and ovaries
Medical management of parotitis: ✔✔supportive care focused on symptom relief
Prevention of mumps: ✔✔MMR vaccine
Nursing management of mumps (parotitis) ✔✔-standard and droplet
precautions -children cared for at home may be uncomfortable but rarely very ill
-avoid exposure to immunocompromised or susceptible
-give acetaminophen or ibuprofen to control fever and pain
-encourage fluid intake. Offer soft and blended foods as chewing and swallowing may be painful.
Avoid foods and beverages that increase salivary flow and cause pain (Citrus, spices, and candies)
-keep children out of school or child care until 5 days after parotid swelling occurs
**Concern with variola** (smallpox): ✔✔this is being a weapon of *bioterrorism*
Differences of variola (small pox) and varicella (chicken pox): ✔✔-Chicken pox is more
superficial small pox are deeper lesions
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