11/4/24, 8:01 AM 2024|PSYCH 230 - EXAM 2|2024-2025 update|COMPLETE MOST TESTED QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS (100% …
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Terms in this set (160)
Registering of the physical energy of the world to
Sensation
sense organs
Organization and interpretation of sensed energy
Perception
into meaningful forms
- Preference Method: two objects are presented
simultaneously and we record how long infant
attends to each one
How do we study - Habituation Method: A stimulus becomes so
perception? familiar or boring that infant stops showing any
response to it
- Evoked Potentials: Present with a stimulus and
record brain waves
Early Theorists (James) speculated that infants
perceive world as blooming buzzing confusion;
recent research suggests that infants perceive a
Visual Perception
wide variety of sights very early; Types of
perception studied: Pattern perception, perception
of faces and facial expression, depth perception
Infants aged 2 moths and older can discriminate
patterns similar to adults - even highly complex
Pattern Perception ones; infants from 0-2 months can only discriminate
moderately complex patterns (high contrast;
curvilinear rather than linear patterns)
, 11/4/24, 8:01 AM 2024|PSYCH 230 - EXAM 2|2024-2025 update|COMPLETE MOST TESTED QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS (100% …
Newborn infants track face-like patterns; By 2-4
months: babies prefer normal drawings of faces to
Perception of Faces
scrambled ones; fixate on internal parts of faces
instead of just the edge
3-4 month old infants: can discriminate between
happy and sad faces, prefer happy faces to sad
Perception of Facial ones, show happiness at happy faces and distress to
Expressions angry faces; by 6-12 months: infants can read other's
facial expressions and use them to guide their
behavior
Can babies see the Eleanor Gibson invented the visual cliff to study this;
edges of cliffs? (Depth put baby in middle of cliff/put mother on deep or
Perception) shallow side/have mother call baby
Gibson's findings: found that infants could avoid
Visual Cliffs - What deep side shortly after they started to crawl;
happens? concluded that babies could see and understand
depth without learning
Study by Bertental et al. (1984); Believe experience
with self-locomotion is necessary for children to
How does fear of depth avoid depth: put kids in walkers to give them
develop? experience with locomotion/ infants with walker
show an avoidance reaction to depth more so than
control infants without a walker
Infants hear well; startle at/turn away from loud
noises; turn towards softer sounds; general areas
Auditory Perception
studied: recognizing voices, reactions to speech
and language
DeCasper and Fifer (1980) found that babies
recognize their mother's voice in the first three days
Recognizing Voices of life; Infants sucked faster on a pacifier when
sucking activated recording of mother's voice than a
female stranger's voice
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