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CCDS IBHRE Exam Study Guide Solutions
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CCDS IBHRE Exam Study Guide Solutions Rheobase - ANSWER-the lowest point on a strength duration curve at an infinitely long pulse duration Chronaxie time - ANSWER-the pulse width at twice the rheobase value. It approximates the most efficient stimulation pulse duration Charge (formula) - ANSWE...

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  • November 3, 2024
  • 43
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • ccds ibhre exam study guide solutions

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Copyright © KAYLIN 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH NOVEMBER, 2024




CCDS IBHRE Exam Study Guide Solutions


Rheobase - ANSWER✔✔-the lowest point on a strength duration curve at an infinitely long pulse

duration


Chronaxie time - ANSWER✔✔-the pulse width at twice the rheobase value. It approximates the most

efficient stimulation pulse duration


Charge (formula) - ANSWER✔✔-Charge= I(current) x T(time)


Furman's formula - ANSWER✔✔-Energy(microjoules)= I(current)xV(voltage)xT(pulse width)


Ohms law formula - ANSWER✔✔-Voltage(electromotive force)= I(current/flow of electrons) x

R(resistance to current flow in ohms)


Functional Refractory Period - ANSWER✔✔-the coupling interval which first results in a measurable

degree of delay in impulse conduction


Effective Refractory Period - ANSWER✔✔-the longest coupling interval to be associated with block


Devices with NO interaction with pacers - ANSWER✔✔-1. microwave oven, 2. CT scan/Ultrasound 3. X-

rays (diagnostic)


Devices that cause transient or 1 beat inhibition - ANSWER✔✔-1. EAS 2. Cellphones 3. Arc Welding 4.

airport metal detector 5. TENS 6. Electric appliances such as electric blanket & power tools


Devices that may damage the pacemaker - ANSWER✔✔-1. MRI 2. Defibrillator 3. Cardioversion 4.

Cautery/RF Ablation 5. Radiation Therapy


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Resistance in Series - ANSWER✔✔-Series means the beginning of one resistance is connected to another




Sum the resistances: R1+R2= total resistance. EX: A LEAD FRACTURE (fractures INCREASE impedance)


Resistance in Parallel - ANSWER✔✔-Parallel means all the resistances are connected to the same point.




(R1xR2)/(R1+R2)= total resistance




EX: LEAD INSULATION DEFECTS (insulation defects DECREASE impedance)


Permanent pacemakers are constant voltage or constant current? - ANSWER✔✔-ALL permanent

pacemakers are constant voltage devices.




SOME temp pacemakers are constant voltage, most are constant current.


LOAD - ANSWER✔✔-Load refers to impedance (or resistance) applied to a circuit.




A system with a SMALL load (low impedance) applied to the circuit is said to be a constant current device




A system with LARGE load is said to be a constant voltage device


Guidelines for Permanent Pacing - ANSWER✔✔-1. Patient is symptomatic


2. The heart rate is less than 40 bpm

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3. Asystole of greater than 3 seconds is documented




NOTE: Pt may be asymptomatic with 2 or 3


Slew Rate - ANSWER✔✔-Slew rate = peak slope of an electrogram




slew rate= change in voltage/ change in time


Normal slew rate in atrium - ANSWER✔✔->.3 V/s


Normal slew rate in ventricle - ANSWER✔✔->.5V/s


Steroid used in electrodes - ANSWER✔✔-dexamethasone sodium phosphate in the silicone core(a

corticosteriod)


Steroid-Eluting Electrodes - ANSWER✔✔-1. The acute threshold is relatively flat compared to non-steroid

electrodes


2. The initial capture threshold is similar to non-steroid leads


Silicone Rubber lead insulation Pros - ANSWER✔✔-1. Can easily be repaired


2. Flexible


3. Proven performance history


4. Easy to make


Silicone Rubber lead insulation cons - ANSWER✔✔-1. high friction coefficient


2. Absorbs lipids

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3. More thrombogenic and fibrotic


4. Cuts easily


5. Tears easily if suture tied too tightly


6. Large diameter


Polyurethane 80A - ANSWER✔✔-BAD


Polyurethane 55D - ANSWER✔✔-GOOD


polyurethane lead insulation pros - ANSWER✔✔-1. relatively nonthrombogenic/fibrotic


2. thin walls


3. high tear friction


4. resists cutting


5. low friction coefficient


polyurethane lead insulation cons - ANSWER✔✔-1. cannot be repaired


2. relatively stiff


3. hard to make


Pacemaker Syndrome Causes - ANSWER✔✔-1. Loss of AV synchrony


2. Sustained retrograde conduction


3. A single ventricular rate when rate modulation is required for exercise




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