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BIO 340 Final Exam Practice Questions and Answers

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BIO 340 Final Exam Practice Questions and Answers What type of bonds are formed between complementary DNA bases? - ANSWER-Hydrogen Bonds Which of the following forms the backbone of a polynucleotide chain? - ANSWER-alternating sugar and phosphate groups Guanine and adenine are purines found in...

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BIO 340 Final Exam Practice Questions

and Answers

What type of bonds are formed between complementary DNA bases? - ANSWER✔✔-Hydrogen Bonds

Which of the following forms the backbone of a polynucleotide chain? - ANSWER✔✔-alternating sugar

and phosphate groups

Guanine and adenine are purines found in DNA - ANSWER✔✔-true

What fraction of the nucleotides in a doubles-stranded DNA molecule are cytosine and thymine? -

ANSWER✔✔-50%

What is one difference between DNA replication in bacteria versus eukaryotes? - ANSWER✔✔-Eukaryotic

chromosomes have many origins of replication, while bacteria have only one origin of replication

What is the maximum rate between DNA replication in E. coli - ANSWER✔✔-1000 nucleotides

During DNA replication in E. coli, what is the role of DnaA? - ANSWER✔✔-DnaA bends DNA, hydrolyzing

the hydrogen bonds in the 13-mer region of otic and creating an open complex

Which of the following statements about DNA replication is true? - ANSWER✔✔-Single-strand binding

proteins stabilize the open conformation of the unwound DNA

Which of the following reagents is not required for the polymerase chain reaction? - ANSWER✔✔-

Dideoxynucleotide triphosphate

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Which of the following would you find in a Sanger sequencing reaction but not in a polymerase chain

reaction? - ANSWER✔✔-ddNTPs

Which of the following statements about ddNTPs is true? - ANSWER✔✔-they have a hydrogen at the 3'

carbon of the sugar

The principles of complementary base pairing and antiparallel polarity of nucleic acid strands is a duplex

are universal for the formation of nucleic acid duplexes. What is the chemical basis for this university? -

ANSWER✔✔-

You wish to create a mutation in which you prevent access of RNA polymerase to the gene. Which region

of a gene would you target? - ANSWER✔✔-promoter sequence

Which region(s) of a gene are not found within the mRNA transcript? - ANSWER✔✔-promoter region

Which of the following statements regarding Nucleotide Excision repair (NER) and Base Excision Repair

(BER) is true? - ANSWER✔✔-both NER and BER involve the removal of one or more damaged bases by a

nuclease

How large is an origin of replication of E. coli? - ANSWER✔✔-245 base pairs

Which of the following enzymatic activities is NOT involved in DNA replication - ANSWER✔✔-RNA-

dependent DNA polymerase

Which activity of DNA polymerase is responsible for its ability to proofread newly synthesized DNA -

ANSWER✔✔-3'>5' exonuclease which cleaves mismatched nucleotides

How many mutations would you expect to see in the human genome (6x10^9) if mismatches could not

be repaired? - ANSWER✔✔-6x10^9/10^4= 600,000 mutations

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What would the consequences be of having DNA polymerase with out 5' -> 3' exonuclease activity? -

ANSWER✔✔-the RNA primer will stay

What is the correct order of enzyme action during DNA replication? - ANSWER✔✔-

helices/topoisomerase activity, priming, DNA polymerization/proofreading, 5'-3' exonuclease

activity/DNA polymerization, ligation

Why is telomerase important? - ANSWER✔✔-It is important for extension

You isolate a mutant of this gene that encodes the following protein:

N-Met-Gln-Cys-Lys-Ser-C

What mutation can give you this mutant protein - ANSWER✔✔-Deletion of a C

Which of the following statements are FALSE? - ANSWER✔✔-the Trp Operon is under positive control

*LAC has both positive and negative regulation* - ANSWER✔✔-

Trp is negative controlled - ANSWER✔✔-

Under which of the following conditions will E. coli make large amounts of B- galactosidase? -

ANSWER✔✔-I+O+Z+, glucose absent, lactose present

I-OcZ+, glucose absent, lactose absent

Under what condition will E. coli make the least amount of B-galactosidase? - ANSWER✔✔-IsO+Z+,

glucose absent, lactose present

For the lac operon gene regulation system, which of the following is false? - ANSWER✔✔-in the presence

of low levels of glucose and lactose, even with mutation happening on the operator (operator cannot

bind to repressor), there are still no transcription of lac genes

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The expression of a gene can be increase by? - ANSWER✔✔-knocking out its repressor

In the Trp operon of E. coli, the Trytophan repressor protein, Trp R, will bind to the operator to prevent

transcription only in the presence of tryptophan. What is tryptophan an example of? - ANSWER✔✔-Co-

repressor

Which of the following is required for transcription - ANSWER✔✔-RNA polymerase

Which of the following nucleosomes modifications will lead to closed promoters - ANSWER✔✔-De-

acetylation

All of the following codons/anticodons are associated with the amino acid Leucine. Which of the

following anti-codon/codon pairs is an example of wobble paring - ANSWER✔✔-Anticodon: 5' UAA 3'

paired with codon

5' UUA 3' or 5' UUG 3'

Why are mitochondria and plastid genomes highly reduced compared to their free living relatives

(Ammar) - ANSWER✔✔-Gene loss and Endosymbiotic Gene Transfer

Where are most Mitochondrial genes encoded? - ANSWER✔✔-Nucleus

Which organelles are involved in the translation of membrane proteins? - ANSWER✔✔-Endoplasmic

reticulum and Ribosome

How would you expect a mutation in the ori to affect a recombinant bacterial expression plasmid? -

ANSWER✔✔-low plasmid copy number

Which of the following best represents the nucleic acid(s) to generate a transcriptional library? -

ANSWER✔✔-mRNA and cDNA

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