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Bio 2C03-Midterm 1 Exam Study Guide Solutions homologous pairs and a type of organism that doesn't have them - ANSWER-carry genes for the same traits asexual organisms special quality of mitochondria - ANSWER-have their own DNA what is archael bacteria - ANSWER-ancestral bacteria in extreme e...

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  • November 3, 2024
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KaylinHoffman
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Bio 2C03-Midterm 1 Exam Study Guide

Solutions


homologous pairs and a type of organism that doesn't have them - ANSWER✔✔-carry genes for the

same traits


asexual organisms


special quality of mitochondria - ANSWER✔✔-have their own DNA


what is archael bacteria - ANSWER✔✔-ancestral bacteria in extreme environments


gametes in animals vs. plants - ANSWER✔✔-animals: sperm and eggs


plants: pollen and eggs


who identified DNA as the hereditary material - ANSWER✔✔-Avery, MacLeod and McCarty


LUCA and what it gave rise to - ANSWER✔✔-Last Universal Common Ancestor


-gave rise to 3 domains of life (bacteria, eukarya, archaea)


why was rRNA used to establish relationships among organisms? - ANSWER✔✔-it is common to all

organisms with ribosomes


which 2 domains of life are most closely related? - ANSWER✔✔-eukarya and archaea


symbiosis relationships between bacteria and eukarya - ANSWER✔✔--bacteria (mitochondria) engulfed

by animal cell provided energy for the host cell


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, Copyright © KAYLIN 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH NOVEMBER, 2024


-plant cell engulfed chloroplasts


3 major branches of modern genetics and their definitions - ANSWER✔✔--transmission

genetics~transmission of traits through generations (Mendel)


-evolutionary genetics~origin and genetic relationships among organisms


-molecular genetics~inheritance and variation of nucleic acids, proteins and genomes


how DNA structure was determined - ANSWER✔✔-x-rays that passed through the crystallized structure

were diffracted


Chargaff's Rule - ANSWER✔✔-%A=%T and %C=%G


what links nucleotides? between which groups? - ANSWER✔✔-phosphodiester bond between the 5'

phosphate group of one and the 3' hydroxyl group of another


what links complementary base pairs? - ANSWER✔✔-hydrogen bonds


semiconservative replication - ANSWER✔✔-parental strands separate, act as templates, and produce

molecules of DNA with one parental DNA strand and one new daughter strand


how does DNA replication begin - ANSWER✔✔-hydrogen bonds between nitrogenous bases are broken

and DNA polymerase creates a new strand in the 5'-to-3' direction


central dogma of biology - ANSWER✔✔-DNA-transcription-RNA-translation-protein


what is the only type of RNA that is translated? - ANSWER✔✔-mRNA


reverse transcription and what it produces - ANSWER✔✔-synthesis of retrovirus DNA from an RNA

template using reverse transcriptase



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