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Anatomy and Physiology 34A: Lab 1 and 2: Language of Anatomy and Organ system $7.99   Add to cart

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Anatomy and Physiology 34A: Lab 1 and 2: Language of Anatomy and Organ system

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Anatomy and Physiology 34A document covering Labs 1 and 2, which discusses the basic terminology of anatomy including visuals and charts.

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  • November 3, 2024
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Anatomy and Physiology

Lab 1 and 2 :
Language of Anatomy and Organ System

GROSS ANATOMY : The study of body structures visible to the naked eye



Anatomical Position

ANATOMICAL POSITION: standard position ; human body is erect, with feet only slightly
apart, head and toes pointed foward, arm hanging at the side
with palms facing foward



Regional Anatomy

REGIONAL ANATOMY: the body is divided into two main regions, axial and appendicular region

AXIAL REGION: region of the body inconsistent of the head, neck and trunk and runs along the
vertical axis of the body

APPENDICULAR REGION: region of the body consisting of the limbs (extremities)


Directional Terms
SUPERIOR/INFERIOR: above/below the long axis of the body
ANTERIOR/POSTERIOR: front/back; areas facing foward such as face and chest / areas facing
back
MEDIAL/LATERAL: toward the middle of the
body/ to the left or right
Superior( cephalad)
CEPHALAD/CAUDAL: interchangeable with
superior and posterior
VENTRAL/DORSAL: *Superior and Inferior
Superior( dorsal)
for animals

interchangeable with anterior and Posterior(Dorsal)
Anterior(Ventral)
posterior
Proximal

PROXIMAL/DISTAL: closer to the trunk/ Posterior( Anteri
farther from the trunk caudal) (cepha

closer to skin/ Distal
SUPERFICIAL/DEEP:
closer to organs Inferior(caudal) Inferior(ventral)

, Body Planes and Cavities
(B) Frontal(coronal) Plane

The body is 3-dimensional, so
in order to observe its internal
structures it is divided into
sections. When a section is
made through an organ it's
made along an imaginary line
or plane.


(A)Medial(midsagittal) Plane (C) Transverse

MEDIAN(MIDSAGITIAL) PLANE: runs longitudinal and divides the body into right and left part

FRONTAL(CORONAL) PLANE: a longitudinal plane that divides the body or an organ into
anterior and posterior parts

TRANSVERSE PLANE: runs horizontally, dividing the body into superior and inferior

Body Cavities Diagram

Cranial Cranial
Cavity Cavity

Vertebral Cavity

Dorsal body cavity Pleural
cavity
Thoracic
Mediastinum
Cavity
Pericardial
Cavity
Vertebral
Cavity Ventral
Abd Cavity




Diaphragm body cavity
omin




Abdominal Cavity
o-p
elvic




Dorsal body cavity

Ventral body cavity Pelvic Cavity

(A) Lateral View (B) Anterior View

Dorsal Body Cavity
The dorsal cavity contains the brain and the spine. It is divided into
the cranial cavity, which lies within the rigid skull and encases the
brain, and the vertebral or (spinal) cavity , which runs through the
bony vertebral column to enclose the delicate spinal cord.

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