Experiential and Relationship-Oriented Therapies - ANSWERSi. Existential Therapy
ii. Person-centered Therapy
iii. Gestalt Therapy
c. Cognitive Behavioral Approaches - ANSWERSi. Behavior Therapy
ii. Cognitive Behavior Therapy
iii. Choice Theory / Reality Therapy
d. Systems and Postmodern Approaches - ANSWERSi. Feminist Therapy
ii. Postmodern Approaches
iii. Family Systems Therapy
What is the meaning of the phrase "value imposition?" - ANSWERSWhen counselors directly try to define
a clients values, attitudes, beliefs and behaviors it is unethical for counselors to impose their values on
the therapeutic relationship
2. Sue, Arrendondo, and McDavis developed a conceptual framework for competencies and standards in
multicultural counseling, which involved three dimensions, what are those dimensions? - ANSWERSa.
Beliefs and attitudes
b. Knowledge
c. Skills
d. Pg 26
,1. There are three types of ethics (mandatory ethics, aspirational ethics, and positive ethics), be able to
define and recognize each of these. - ANSWERSa. Mandatory ethics: involves a level of ethical
functioning at the minimum level of professional practice
b. Aspirational ethics: focuses on what doing what is in the best interests of the client (highest level of
thinking and conduct). Entails understanding the spirit of the code and the principles on which the code
is based.
c. Positive ethics: an approach taken by practitioners who want to do their best for clients rather than
just meet the minimum standards to stay out of trouble
d. Pg. 38
What is EBP? - ANSWERSa. Evidence-Based Practice
b. Trend toward empirically supported treatment "the integration of the best available research with
clinical expertise in the context of patient characteristics, culture, and preferences"
c. Pg 48
Who created Psychoanalytic therapy and was considered the "father of psychotherapy?" -
ANSWERSSigmund Freud
What are the three parts of the personality? - ANSWERSa. Id
i. Primary source of psychic energy and the seat on instincts
ii. Ruled by pleasure principle: reduces tension, avoids pain, seeks pleasure, is illogical, amoral, driven to
satisfy instinctual needs
b. Ego
i. The executive that controls and regulates personality
ii. Mediates between instincts and surrounding environment
iii. Ruled by reality principle
c. Superego
i. Judicial branch of the personality includes persons moral code main concern is whether and action is
good/bad/right/wrong
ii. Represents the ideal not the reality
iii. Strives for perfection not pleasure
iv. Related to psychological rewards and punishments pride and self love or feelings of guilt and
inferiority
, What is informed consent? - ANSWERSa. The right of the clients to be informed about their therapy and
to make autonomous decisions pertaining to it
What are the exceptions to confidentiality and privileged communication? - ANSWERSa. Child abuse,
abuse of the elderly, abuse of dependant adults, and danger to self or others
b. When the therapist believes a client under the age of 16 is the victim of incest, rape, child abuse, or
some other crime
c. When the therapist determines that the client needs hospitalization
d. When information is made an issue in a court action
e. When clients request that their records be released to them or to a third party
f. Pg 43
What is the difference between confidentiality and privilege? - ANSWERSa. Confidentiality is and ethical
concept therapist do not disclose information about a client
b. Privileged communication is a legal concept prevents clients from having their confidential
communications revealed in court without their permission (does not apply when there are more than 2
people in the room ex: group counseling, couples therapy)
c. Pg 42
3. What are the ego defense mechanisms? - ANSWERSa. Help the individual with anxiety and prevent the
ego from being overwhelmed
b. They all have 2 characteristics in common: they either deny or distort reality, and they operate on the
unconscious level
c. Repression: threatening or painful thoughts are excluded from awareness
d. Denial: "Closing one's eye" to the existence of a threatening aspect of reality
e. Reaction Formation: Actively expressing the opposite impulse when confronted with a threatening
impulse
f. Projection: attributing to others one's own unacceptable desires and impulses
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