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SPCE 611 Chapter 5 questions with complete solutions 2024
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SPCE 611 Chapter 5 questions with complete solutions 2024
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SPCE 611 Chapter 5Validity - correct answer ✔Was a relevant dimension of the behavior that is
the focus of the investigation measured directly and legitimately? When
measurement yields data that are directly relevant to the phenomenon
measured and to the reason(s) for measuring it.
Accuracy - correct answer ✔The extent to which the observed value or true
value of the event as it exists in nature. Measurement is _________ to the
degree that it corresponds to the true value of the thing measured.
Observed value - correct answer ✔The quantitative label produced by
measuring an event.
True value - correct answer ✔Is a measure obtained by procedures that are
independent of and different from the procedures that produced the data
being evaluated and for which the researcher has taken special or
extraordinary precautions to insure that all possible sources of error have
been avoided or removed.
Measurement bias - correct answer ✔Nonrandom measurement error- error
in measurement that is likely to be in one direction.
Reliability - correct answer ✔The extent to which a measurement procedure
yields the same value when brought into repeated contact with the same state
of nature- consistent measurement.
Direct measurement - correct answer ✔Occurs when the phenomenon that
is the focus of the experiment is exactly the same as the phenomenon being
measured.
, Indirect measurement - correct answer ✔Occurs when what is actually
measured is in some way different from the target behavior of interest.
Continuous measurement - correct answer ✔Measurement conducted in a
manner such that all instances of the response class(es) of interest are
detected during the observation period.
Discontinuous measurement - correct answer ✔Describes any form of
measurement in which some instances of the response class(es) of interest
may not be detected- may yield data that are an artifact
Systematic approach for training observers - correct answer ✔Step 1-
Trainees read the target behavior definitions and become familiar with the
data collection forms, procedures for recording their observations, and the
proper use of any measurement or recording devices
Step 2- Trainees practice recording simplified narrative descriptions of
behavioral vignettes until they obtain 100% accuracy over a predetermined
number of instances
Step 3- Trainees practice recording longer, more complex narrative
descriptions of behavioral vignettes until they obtain 100% accuracy for a
predetermined number of episodes
Step 4- Trainees practice observing and recording data from videotaped or
role-played vignettes depicting the target behavior(s) at the same speed and
complexity as they will occur in the natural environment
Step 5- Practicing collecting data in the natural environment is the final
training step of observer training. An experienced observer accompanies the
trainee ad simultaneously and independently measures the target behaviors
Observer drift - correct answer ✔Unintended changes in the way data are
collected may produce measurement error- entails a shift in the observer's
interpretation of the definition of the target behavior from that used in training
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