Exam (elaborations)
ACNP Test 1 – Cardiology: Questions With A+ Solutions
- Course
- Institution
ACNP Test 1 – Cardiology: Questions With A+ Solutions
[Show more]
Content preview
ACNP Test 1 – Cardiology: Questions With A+ SolutionsNYHA classifications heart failure Right Ans - Stage 1: no limitations, no
SXS
Stage 2: Slight limitations of activity but comfortable at rest
Stage 3: Marked limitations of activity but comfortable at rest
Stage 4: Severe inability for activity without discomfort, SXS at rest
AHA heart failure Right Ans - Stage A: patients at risk for the development
of HF but have no structural abnormality of the heart
Stage B: patients who have structural abnormality but remain free of
symptoms
Stage C: patients who have structural abnormality and previous or current
symptoms
Stage D: patients with end-stage disease refractory to standard treatment
Management for heart failure Right Ans - ACE- (--pril names)
ARB (2nd to ACE due to intolerance, names with -sartan) Intolerance:
angioedema or cough
Beta blocker- Metoprolol most heart specific, coreg non selective and works
on B1 B2 and A1. ( ending in -lol). in addition to ace if class II or III
HF with Preserved EF (>50%) Right Ans - pEF → diuresis + treatment for
pt's other comorbids, no digoxin
If murmur is heard at 5th intercostal space Right Ans - Mirtal
If murmur is heard at 2-3rd intercostal space Right Ans - Aortic
Mitral Stenosis Aortic Regurg Right Ans - Diastolic
Mitral Regurg Aortic Stenosis Right Ans - Systolic
Mitral Stenosis Right Ans - Loud S1 murmur, low pitched, mid diastolic
following an opening snap: apical crescendo rumble. Best heard in L lateral
decubitus position
Almost always due to rheumatic & in women. Hemoptysis is s/s Right Ans -
Mitral Stenosis
, Mitral Regurg Right Ans - S3 with systolic murmur at 5th ICS MCL, may
radiate to base or left axilla, musical, blowing or high pitched
Aortic Stenosis Right Ans - Systolic blowing, rough harsh murmur at 2nd
ICS usually radiating to neck
Aortic Stenosis grades Right Ans - Mild-effective valve area of > 1.5cm
Moderate_effective valve area >1-1.5cm
Severe-effective valve area < 1cm
Aortic regurg Right Ans - Diastolic, blowing murmur at 2nd Left ICS
S3 Right Ans - Ken-tucky, heard in increased fluid states ( CHF, pregnancy)
S4 Right Ans - Ten-ne-see, stiff ventricular wall ( MI, L vent hypertrophy,
chronic HTN)
Gold standard to valvular problems Right Ans - Echo
Management for valvular problem Right Ans - Avoid strenuous activity,
sodium restriction, Diuretics and digitalis aminoglycosides, Nitroglycerin,
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
Follow-up are for valve Right Ans - Antiplatelet therapy: Plavix, ASA
Anticoagulant: Coumadin
Beta blocker: slow heart rate, decrease BP and demand for oxygen
BP goal of People >60 Right Ans - 150 or 90
Goal for people with DM or CKD Right Ans - 140 or 90
Treatment with blood pressure for african american Right Ans - thiazide
diuretic and CCB
Treatment for non- black people HTN treatment Right Ans - thiazide
diuretic, ace, or arb, CCB
If patient has HTN and CKD (all ages and all races) Right Ans - ACE or ARB
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller LeCrae. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $9.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
79223 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now