Exam (elaborations)
AG-ACNP – Endocrine: Questions & Solutions (100%)
- Course
- Institution
AG-ACNP – Endocrine: Questions & Solutions (100%)
[Show more]
Content preview
AG-ACNP – Endocrine: Questions & Solutions (100%)What is the pathology of diabetes mellitus? Right Ans - Metabolic disease
resulting from a breakdown in the body's ability to produce or utilize insulin
causing hyperglycemia.
Explain the pathology of DM Type 1. Right Ans - Insulin DEPENDENT. Total
destruction of beta cells.
Islet cell antibodies - 90% of patients
Ketone development occurs
What are the signs and symptoms of DM Type I? Right Ans - Polyphagia
Polydypsia
Polyuria
Weight loss
What are the labs/diagnostics indicative of DM Type I? Right Ans - Random
BG - > 200 mg/dL
Fasting BG - > 126 mg/dL x 2 separate occasions
HgbA1c - routine diagnostic; > 7%
BUN/Cr elevated due to dehydration
Ketonemia, ketonuria
What pharmacological therapy is indicated if the patient presents with
ketones and DM Type I? Dose? Right Ans - Insulin therapy.
TDD - 0.5 units/kg/day
2/3 TDD in am and 1/3 in pm
What is the Conventional Split Dose Mixtures for insulin administration?
Right Ans - Morning dose of insulin - 2/3 NPH, 1/3 Regular
Evening dose of insulin - 1/2 NPH, 1/2 Regular
Identify the three Insulin Analogs. Right Ans - Aspart (NovoLog)
Glargine (Lantus) - prolonged duration
Lispro (Humalog) - rapid onset
What is the pathology of DM Type II? Right Ans - Circulating insulin is not
enough to meet patient's needs, but enough to prevent ketoacidosis. Caused
by tissue insensitivity or resistance/impaired insulin production.
, Define the criteria for diagnosing Metabolic Syndrome. Right Ans - Any of
the 3:
- Waist circumference: M > 40 in, F > 35 in
- BP > 130/85
- Triglycerides > 150
- FGB > 100
- HDL: M <40, F < 50
40 yo. F presented to ED with complaints of four UTIs in the past 6 months
and chronic skin infection, with increasing pruritus. What is most likely
differential? Right Ans - DM Type II. Women present with reoccuring
vaginitis and chronic skin infections.
What is the initial therapy indicated for managing DM Type II? Right Ans -
Weight loss for obese patients and use of oral agent
What is the standard of care in pharmacological management of newly
diagnosed Type II diabetic patient? Right Ans - Metformin (Glucophage)
What is a major side effect of Metformin (Glucophage)? Right Ans - Lactic
Acidosis.
Patient complains of muscle cramps and pain - think LA.
Glipizide (Glucotrol) and Glyburide (Diabeta) are examples of what type of
medication? What is the mechanism of action? Right Ans - Sulfonylureas -
stimulate the pancreas to release more insulin.
A key feature of DM Type II is Metabolic Syndrome. To make this diagnosis,
you need three of the following EXCEPT:
a. Waist circumference M > 40, F > 35
b. BP > 140/90
c. Fasting BG >100
d. HDL M <40, F <50 Right Ans - B. The BP in Metabolic Syndrom is
>135/85.
What is the contribution of incretins in the management of diabetes? Right
Ans - Incretins - signal the pancreas to increase insulin secretion and the liver
to stop producing glucagon
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller LeCrae. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $12.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
79223 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now