PRAXIS: Principles K-12 (5625)Exam Questions With Complete Solutions
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PRAXIS: Principles K-12
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PRAXIS: Principles K-12
PRAXIS: Principles K-12 (5625)Exam Questions With Complete Solutions
Theoretical Foundations on how students learn - Answer-1. know how knowledge is constructed
2. know a variety of means by which skills are acquired
3. Understand a variety of cognitive processes and how they are developed
...
PRAXIS: Principles K-12 (5625)Exam
Questions With Complete Solutions
Theoretical Foundations on how students learn - Answer-1. know how knowledge is
constructed
2. know a variety of means by which skills are acquired
3. Understand a variety of cognitive processes and how they are developed
/.Bandura - Answer-Social Learning Theory - emphasizes modeling or observational
learning as a powerful source of development and behavior modification
Four meditational processes
1. attention
2. retention
3. reproduction
4. motivation
/.what are the four sources of influence according to bandura? - Answer-1. mastery
experiences- solving problems on your own in game based creative learning
2. Vicarious experiences- observing others to successfully complete a task
3. Social persuasion
4. emotional states
/.Bruner - Answer-Constructivist theory- learning is an active process where learners
construct new ideas or concepts based on their current or past knowledge
The process of learning should go from concrete to abstract and should follow three
steps
1. Hands on
2. Learning with images
3. Transform to language
/.What are the four major aspects instruction should cover according to bruner? -
Answer-1. Predisposition towards learning
2. Ways in which a body of knowledge can be structured so that it can be most readily
grasped by the learner
3. The most effective sequences to present material
4. The nature and pacing of rewards and punishments
/.According to Bruner, what is a Spiral Curriculum? - Answer-1. Revisit topics at regular
intervals
2. Complexity increases with each visit
3. Learning has a relationship with previous topics covered
,/.Dewey - Answer-PROGRESSIVE EDUCATION: education should be experiential and
relevant
/.What is experiential learning according to Dewey? - Answer-children do better by
doing because they are in the present, not in distant future
/.What are Deweys four principals? - Answer-1. Doing
2. Discussing
3. Interacting
4. Interdisciplinary/ connecting
/.Piaget - Answer-Established the theories of cognitive development
/.According to Piaget, what are the theories in education? - Answer-Active exploration
Inquiry learning
Discovery learning
Developmentally appropriate instruction
Maximize curiosity and minimize frustration
Play is valuable way to learn
Social interaction
/.According to Piaget, what are Schema? - Answer-Structured cluster of concepts, can
be used to represent objects scenarios or sequences of events or relations
/.What is assimilation? - Answer-make new information fit in with the students existing
understanding of the world
/.What is accommodation? - Answer-use if they don't fit into the existing schema
/.Vygotsky - Answer-Developed the theory of cognitive development
Zone of proximal development: distance between what a learner is not currently capable
of doing unsupported and what they can do unsupported
This is the range of where they are capable only with support from someone with more
knowledge or expertise
/.Kohlberg - Answer-Developed the theory of moral development, expanded Piagets
work
created a tool for understanding students at different stages of moral understanding
Rules
Standards
Consequences
These help create a positive and constructive learning environment
Stages
· Obedience and punishment
· Self interest
· Interpersonal accord and conformity
, · Authority and maintaining social order
· Social contract
· Universal ethical principles
/.Bloom - Answer-Established "blooms taxonomy" which is a theoretical framework for
learning and identifies three domains of learning
1. Cognitive- knowledge
2. Affective- attitude and self
3. Psychomotor- skills
/.According to Bloom, what are the six educational objectives? - Answer-1. Knowledge
2. Comprehension
3. Application
4. Analysis
5. Synthesis
6. evaluation
/.What is metacognition - Answer-thinking about thinking
/.What is transfer? - Answer-interactive instructional strategy
/.What is the first stage of cognitive development? - Answer-Sensorimotor stage: birth-2
· Kid learns about the world by using their senses to interact with their surroundings
/.What is the second stage of cognitive development? - Answer-Preoperational stage:
age 2-7
· Children begin to engage in symbolic play and learn how to manipulate symbols
/.What is the third stage of cognitive development? - Answer-Concrete operational
stage: 7-11
· Logical operations such as conservation, reversibility, or classification, allowing logical
reasoning
/.What is the fourth stage of cognitive development? - Answer-Formal operational stage:
12 and up
· The ability to formulate hypotheses and systematically test them to arrive at an answer
to a problem
/.According to Erikson, what are the eight stages of social development? - Answer-
Stage one: trust vs mistrust
Stage two: autonomy vs shame and doubt
Stage three: initiative vs guilt
Stage four: industry vs inferiority
Stage five: identity vs confusion
Stage six: intimacy vs isolation
Stage seven: generativity vs stagnation
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