Praxis Principles Of Learning And Teaching: Grades
Praxis Principles of Learning and Teaching: Grades
Exam (elaborations)
Praxis Principles of Learning and Teaching: Grades 7-12 PLT Exam Questions And Answers
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Praxis Principles of Learning and Teaching: Grades
Institution
Praxis Principles Of Learning And Teaching: Grades
Praxis Principles of Learning and Teaching: Grades 7-12 PLT Exam Questions And Answers
Bandura - Answer-Theorist - "Social Learning Theory" Children learn by observing others. Model behaviors and skills. Cognitive and Behavioral.
1. attention
2. retention
3. motor reproduction
4. motivatio...
Praxis Principles of Learning and
Teaching: Grades 7-12 PLT Exam
Questions And Anwers
Bandura - Answer-Theorist - "Social Learning Theory" Children learn by observing
others. Model behaviors and skills. Cognitive and Behavioral.
1. attention
2. retention
3. motor reproduction
4. motivation
/.Bruner - Answer-Theorist - Cognition - "Constructivist Theory." Discovery learning and
scaffolding. Learning is an active process, learners construct ideas based on knowledge
or past experiences. Instruction should allow students to discover information by
themselves (dialog).
(1) predisposition towards learning, (2) the ways in which a body of knowledge can be
structured so that it can be most readily grasped by the learner, (3) the most effective
sequences in which to present material, and (4) the nature and pacing of rewards and
punishments
/.Dewey - Answer-Learning Through Experience and father of progressive education.
Project-based learning, cooperative learning. Learning is a process of living. Teach
children to be problem solvers. "Just Dew it"
/.Piaget - Answer-Theorist (Biology and Philosophy) - "Genetic Epistemology." - wanted
to know how knowledge developed in human organisms 4 Stages of Cognitive
Development. sensorimotor, preoperations, concrete operations, and formal operations.
/.sensorimotor (Piaget) - Answer-(0-2 years), intelligence takes the form of motor
actions.
/.preoperations (Piaget) - Answer-(3-7 years) Intelligence is intuitive in nature.
/.concrete operations (Piaget) - Answer-(8-11 years) Intelligence is logical but depends
upon concrete referents.
/.Assimilation - Answer-involves the interpretation of events in terms of existing
cognitive structure
/.accommodation - Answer-refers to changing the cognitive structure to make sense of
the environment
, /.Vygotsky - Answer-Theorist - The major theme of Vygotsky's theoretical framework is
that social interaction plays a fundamental role in the development of cognition.
cognitive development depends on Zone of Proximal Development (what the student
can do with help). "social development theory of learning." Cognitive.
/.Kohlberg - Answer-Theory of moral development (pre-conventional, conventional, and
post-conventional). theorist
/.Bloom - Answer-His taxonomy of learning domains - impact the way educators writer
learning objectives, plan learning activities, and assess student performance.
/.Thorndike - Answer-Connectionism. Learning theorist. (cat in box experiment)
Law of Effect: any behavior that is followed by pleasant consequences is likely to be
repeated, and any behavior followed by unpleasant consequences is likely to be
stopped.
Learning is the result of associations forming between stimuli and responses. Such
associations or "habits" become strengthened or weakened by the nature and
frequency of the S-R pairings.
/.Watson - Answer-Founder of behaviorism (also called learning theory).
controversal - he conditioned fear of white rats and other furry objects in "Little Albert,"
an orphaned 11-month-old boy.
/.Skinner - Answer-pioneer of Operant conditioning - believed everything we do is
determined by our past history of reinforcements and punishments.
/.Erikson - Answer-Ego Psychologist. discusses psychosocial stages. Influenced by
Freud. Created 8 Psychosocial Stages.
/.Stage 2 - Answer-Crisis: Autonomy vs. Shame
Virtue: Will
Age: Early Childhood 1.5-3
/.Stage 3 - Answer-Crisis: Initiative vs. guilt
Virtue: Purpose
Age: Play Age 3-5
/.Stage 4 - Answer-Crisis: Industry vs. Inferiority
Virtue: Competency
Age: School Age 5-12
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