NUR2392 (Latest Update) Multidimensional
Care II / MDC 2 | Questions and Verified Answers | 100%
Correct | Grade A - Rasmussen
Metabolic acidosis causes - ANSWER -DKA, Starvation, diarrhea, kidney failure,
dehydration, liver failure, pancreatitis, heavy exercise, seizure activity, fever,
hypoxia, ischemia, ethanol/methanol intoxication
Metabolic acidosis signs and symptoms - ANSWER -bradycardia, hypotension,
thready pulse, CNS depression, hyporeflexia, kussmal resp (with resp
compensation), warm, flushed, dry skin.
Metabolic acidosis treatment - ANSWER -hydration and medication to treat
underlying problems (DKA - give insulin).
Metabolic alkalosis causes - ANSWER -antacids, blood transfusion, sodium
bicarbonate, total parenteral nutrition (TPN), prolonged vomiting, nasogastric
suctioning, hypercortisolism, hyperaldosteronism, Loop/Thiazide diuretics.
Metabolic Alkalosis s/s - ANSWER -anxiety, irritability, tetany, seizures,
POSITIVE CHVOSTEK, POSITIVE TROUSSEAU, parathesis, hyperreflexia,
muscle cramping/twitching, skeletal muscle weakness, Tachycardia, norm/low BP,
increased Digoxin toxicity, decreased respiratory effort (muscle weakness).
Metabolic alkalosis treatment - ANSWER -restore fluid/electrolyte imbalances
Respiratory acidosis cause - ANSWER -Opioids, anesthetics, electrolyte
imbalance, inadequate chest expansion, muscle weakness, airway obstruction,
alveolar-capillary block.
Respiratory acidosis s/s - ANSWER -bradycardia, hypotension, thready pulse,
CNS depression, hyporeflexia, ineffective respirations, pale-to-cyanotic dry skin.
, Respiratory acidosis treatment - ANSWER -(Assess airway) Improve gas
exchange, drug therapy (bronchodilators, anti-inflammatory), oxygen therapy
(lowest flow possible), ventilation.
Respiratory alkalosis cause - ANSWER -Hyperventilation (fear, anxiety),
mechanical ventilation, salicylate toxicity, high altitudes, early-stage acute
pulmonary issues.
Respiratory alkalosis s/s - ANSWER -anxiety, irritability, tetany, seizures,
POSITIVE CHVOSTEK, POSITIVE TROUSSEAU (hypocalcemia), parathesis,
hyperreflexia, muscle cramping/twitching, skeletal muscle weakness, Tachycardia,
norm/low BP, increased Digoxin toxicity, hyperventilation
Respiratory alkalosis treatment - ANSWER -restore fluid/electrolyte imbalances
How do acid/base imbalances affect electrolytes - ANSWER -- Potassium levels
increase in acidosis as the body attempts to maintain electroneutrality during
buffering.
- Potassium is elevated in acute respiratory acidosis and normal/low in chronic
respiratory acidosis when kidney compensation is present
- Alkalosis = hypocalcemia and hypokalemia
- Acidosis = hyperkalemia
Alkalosis - ANSWER -hypocalcemia and hypokalemia
Acidosis - ANSWER -hyperkalemia
Upper GI consists of - ANSWER -mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, and
duodenum.
Barret's Epithelium - ANSWER -premalignant; columnar epithelium that develops
in lower esophagus
Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (dumping syndrome) - ANSWER -happens in PT with
gastrectomy, from rapid emptying of food contents into the small intestine.
