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Nur 170 Exam 5 Questions and Answers 100% Solved | Graded A+ Pathophysiology of pain - Pain triggered by peripheral nervous system Composed of sensory and motor neurons Connections occur within spinal cord Sensory neurons - Pain perception Motor neurons - Pain response Nociceptors - Speciali...

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  • November 1, 2024
  • 54
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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©NINJANERD 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
Nur 170 Exam 5 Questions and Answers

100% Solved | Graded A+


Pathophysiology of pain - ✔✔Pain triggered by peripheral nervous system

Composed of sensory and motor neurons

Connections occur within spinal cord

Sensory neurons - ✔✔Pain perception

Motor neurons - ✔✔Pain response

Nociceptors - ✔✔Specialized pain receptors

Where are nociceptors found? - ✔✔in every tissue of the body except the

brain

Skin and muscles have many

Internal organs have few

Nociceptive pain - ✔✔results from external stimuli on uninjurie, fully

functional nervous system

Neuropathic Pain - ✔✔Caused by nerve malfunction or injuries resulting

from trauma, disease, chemicals, infections, and tumors

,©NINJANERD 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
- May be due to damage of peripheral or central nerves

Pain Theories - ✔✔o Specificity Theory

o Peripheral Pattern Theory

o Gate Control Theory

Specifity Theory - ✔✔Pain is a specific sensation that uses sensory

neurons separate from other sensations such as heat and touch.

- Pain is related to anatomical and physiological factors

Peripheral pattern theory - ✔✔All sensory nerve fiber endings are the same

- Pain felt when fibers are intensely stimulated

- Brain deciphers differences in signals

Gate control theory - Melzack and Wall, 1965 - ✔✔(most widely accepted

theory)

Pain is a multifaceted perceptual experience that evolves from an

individual's psychological & physiological factors

- A gate in the spinal cord controls transmission of pain impulses to the

brain

Gate control stimulation explained - ✔✔-Stimulation of small diameter

(pain) fibers causes gates to open

,©NINJANERD 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
-Stimulation of larger diameter (heat, cold, mechanical) fibers causes gates

to close



Amount of activity in small fibers vs large fibers controls perception of pain

Factors that control gates - ✔✔physical, emotional, behavioral

Overview of pain - ✔✔> Highly personal

> Both physical and emotional

> Depends on magnitude of stimuli, individual ability to transmit pain

signals

> Depends on mental state

> Result of actual or potential tissue damage

Pain can be described in terms of - ✔✔Location

Intensity

Quality

Duration

Location of pain - Where does it hurt? - ✔✔Classification of pain based on

where it is

- Radiation

- Referred

, ©NINJANERD 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
Radiation pain - ✔✔Spreads or extends to other areas

Referred pain - ✔✔Appears to arise in different areas of the body other

than the site of origin

intensity of pain - ✔✔refers to the strength of the amount of pain

experienced rated mild to severe

Standard 0-10

Pain scales - ✔✔Wong-Baker faces pain scale

FLACC pain scale

Observation or behavioral pain scales

Abbey pain scale

CRIES pain scale

Standard 0-10 scale - ✔✔- 1-4 = mild pain

- 5-6 = moderate pain

- 7-10 = severe pain

Wong-Baker Faces Pain Scale - ✔✔Recommended for kids > 3 yo or older

Confused older adults

FLACC pain scale (Observation/behavioral) - ✔✔combination of score

For children < 3 yo

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