Certified Lactation Counselor (CLC) Final Exam questions and Verified
answers Latest Update 2024-2025
AAP -CORRECT-American Academy of Pediatrics
ABM -CORRECT-Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine
AGA -CORRECT-Appropriate for gestational age.
Alveoli -CORRECT-Small glands in the breast that produce breast milk.
Amenorrhea -CORRECT-The absence of menstruation.
Aysemmetric latch -CORRECT-Optimal attachment to the breast, where the babies lips are not centered
in relationship to the areola, but rather vertically off centered, with the babies chin and lower lip closer
tothe edge of the areola and the babies upper lip.
Atopy -CORRECT-And allergy for which there is a genetic predisposition, such as asthma, eczema, or
rhinitis.
(BFHI) Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative -CORRECT-The UNICEF baby friendly hospital initiative, an
internationalprogram recognizing hospitals and birth centers that implement the 10 steps to successful
breastfeeding.
Bilirubin -CORRECT-The byproduct of the breakdown of the hemoglobin portion of red blood cells.
Bilirubin Encephalopathy -CORRECT-Damage to the brain and central nervous system related to
hyperbilirubinemia (Jaundice); Also known as "Kernicterus."
,Milk Bleb -CORRECT-A firm, small, white spot near the nipple pore opening containing accumulated
milksolids. Also referred to as a milk blister.
Block Feeding -CORRECT-A pattern of feeding: used to deal with an over-abundant milk supply. In block
feeding, the mother offers the baby only one breast for one, two, or three feedings to generate mild
local pressure to slow down milk production. Then she offers the other breast for another block of time.
Blocked Duct -CORRECT-A condition in which milk from one part of the breast does not flow well and
forms alump of solidified milk that blocks the milk duct.
Brachial Plexus Injury -CORRECT-Decreased movement or sensation in the arm caused by injury to the
bundleof nerves passing through the shoulder area. This may be caused during birth by pressure to the
shoulder area.
Bradycardia -CORRECT-Slow heart rate, less than 100 bpm in an infant.
Breast Abscess -CORRECT-An area in the breast that feels hot and painful and is full of fluid. Typically
resultingfrom unresolved mastitis.
Breast Compression -CORRECT-A hands-on method used during nursing or pumping to increase the flow
of milk. The mother gently sneezes, or compresses gently, her breast. Typically used when milk flow
stopsor slows, to increase milk flow again. Also called "alternate massage."
Breastmilk Jaundice -CORRECT-Jaundice occurring in the breast fed infant after 10-14 days of life. The
cause ofbreastmilk jaundice is unknown and the incident is less than 1%.
Brucellosis -CORRECT-Bacterial infection from contact with animals carrying the Brucella bacteria.
Infectioncauses an undulating fever that spikes in waves.
, Candida -CORRECT-A family of parasitic fungi occurring especially in the mouth, vagina, and intestinal
tract. They are usually benign but can become pathogenic and include the caustive agent (candida
albicans) ofthrush.
Caput Succedaneum -CORRECT-Swelling of the soft tissues of a newborn baby's scalp that develops as a
babytravels through the birth canal.
CDC -CORRECT-Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Cephalohematoma -CORRECT-A lump that rises on the head of a newborn with an hours of birth due to
bleeding beneath the bones of the skull.
Chorioamniotis -CORRECT-Inflammation of the fetal membrane due to infection.
Cleft Lip and/or Palate -CORRECT-A congenital birth defect causing a division or opening in the roof of
themouth and/or split in the lip.
Cyanosis -CORRECT-A bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes.
Colostrum -CORRECT-The first milk, produced in the breast by the seventh month of pregnancy. It is thick,
sticky, and clear to yellowish in color; is high in protein and vitamin A; causes a laxative effect, thus,
helping the baby to pass meconium stools. Immunoglobulins (mostly IgA) In colostrum provide an anti-
infection protection to the baby and their gut microbiome.
Contraindication -CORRECT-A condition or factor that makes something in advisable.
Craniofacial -CORRECT-Involving the head and skull.
Cooper's Ligaments -CORRECT-The triangular-shaped ligaments underlying the breasts.
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