Astro 1 Exam 3 | 100 Questions And Answers | Verified
100% Correct | Latest Update 2024
What are sunspots? - ANSWER -slightly cooler regions on the sun's surface
What causes sunspots? How long are their cycles? - ANSWER -magnetic activity
preventing hot material from rising to that region. Th...
Astro 1 Exam 3 | 100 Questions And Answers | Verified
100% Correct | Latest Update 2024
What are sunspots? - ANSWER -slightly cooler regions on the sun's surface
What causes sunspots? How long are their cycles? - ANSWER -magnetic activity
preventing hot material from rising to that region. They have 11 year cycles
What comprises helium-4? What does it release? What is it called? - ANSWER -4
protons combine to make helium-4 (2 protons, 2 neutrons); produces gamma rays;
it is called the proton-proton chain
What is the first step in Nuclear fusion? - ANSWER -two protons stick together
and one changes into a neutron to produce deuterium (1 proton and 1 neutron)
What is the second step in Nuclear fusion? - ANSWER -deuterium plus proton
makes helium-3 (2 protons and 1 neutron bound together)
What is the third step in nuclear fusion? - ANSWER -two helium-3 molecules
combine to make helium-4 and 2 protons
When is energy created in Nuclear fusion? - ANSWER -in every step
Where does the energy in Nuclear fusion come from? - ANSWER -E= mc^2
because the mass of helium is 4 less than the mass of 4 protons
What are the layers of the sun from inside to out? - ANSWER -core, radiative
zone, connective zone, photosphere, chromosphere, flare, prominence, corona,
solar wind
What is the core of the sun like? - ANSWER -at center; high density and
temperature; where nuclear reactions occur and gamma rays produced
, What is the radiative zone of the sun like? - ANSWER -photons are repeatedly
reabsorbed
And emitted, and the energy of an individual photon
Can take on average 170,000 years to pass through
What is the connective zone of the sun like? - ANSWER -hot gas rises and cold
gas sinks;
Light traverses in 1 week
What is the photosphere of the sun like? - ANSWER -temperature 5780K; the
surface that we see; photons have been converted to visible wave- length, see
granules due to convection bringing ma- terial up and down in cells
What is the chromosphere of the sun like? - ANSWER -red or orange color;
temperature 4500K; we see through this to the photosphere
What is the sun comprised of? - ANSWER -73% hydrogen 25% helium
Why is the sun stable? - ANSWER -outward force of gas pressure; inward force of
gravity
Where does the gas pressure in the sun come from? - ANSWER -nuclear fusion
reactions in the core at temperatures of 15 million degrees
What is the diameter of the sun compared to earth? Mass? Luminosity (compared
to 100W lightbulbs? - ANSWER -diameter-109x; mass-333,000; luminosity- 4 x
10^24
What percent of mass in the solar system comes from the sun? - ANSWER -
99.9%
How long has the sun been shining? How much longer will it shine? - ANSWER -
4.5 billion years; 5.5 billion years
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