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MH701- Exam #2 Questions & Answers
1. Major neurotransmitters associated with pathology of mood disorders: Nor-
epinephrine (NE) and Serotonin
2. What 2 classes of medication are used to treat early onset bipolar disorder?-
: Atypical Antipsychotics and Mood stabilizers
3. Types of atypical antipsychotics used in treatment of early onset bipolar: -
olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone, ariprazole, ziprasidone
4. types of mood stabilizers used to treat early onset bipolar disorder: lithium,
valproic acid, divalproex, lamotrigine
5. Work the fastest on treating eraly onset bipolar disorder: atypical antipsy-
chotics
6. types of acv used in mood disorders: Gabapentin (neurontin), levetiracetam
(keppra), pregabalin (lyrica), tiagabine (gabitril), topiramate (topamax), zonisamide
(zonegran)
7. Uses of Gabepentin: seizures, insomnia, neuropathic pain, postherpetic neu-
ralgia, fibromyalgia, headache, anxiety disorders (social phobia and panic), may
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reduce alcohol cravings and adjuvant to mood stabilizers in bipolar
8. MOA of Gabapentin: increases cerebral GABA and inhibits glutamate synthesis;
increases serotonin
9. adverse reactions of gabepentin: somnolence, ataxia; in overdose- diplopia,
slurred speech, lethargy, diarrhea
10. pregnancy considerations of gabapentin: pregnancy class C, excreted in
breastmilk
11. drug/lab interactions: calcium decreases effectiveness by 20%, may cause
false positive on tox screen
12. uses for topiramate (topamax): seizures, migraines, obesity, bulimia, binge
eating, alcohol dependency, smoking cessation, pain, PTSD, essential tremor
13. MOA of topiramate: GABAergic effect
14. adverse effects of topiramate: parasthesias, weight loss, somnolence, anorex- ia,
dizziness, memory problems, affects acid-base balance (low serum bicarb) which can
cause arrhythmias and renal calculi, drink plenty of fluids
15. special considerations with topiramate: do not use in pregnancy; cleared by
kidneys- if renal disease, decrease dose by 50%
16. drug interactions of topiramate: may increase phneytoin and valproic acid;
decreased concentration wtih used with carbamazepine or phenytoin
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17. CCBs- especially nimodipine and verapamil: shown to prevent AD induced
mania, effective in maintenance of BP, can be used as adjunct to mood stabilizer or ACV
18. Caution in use of CCBs with BP: Verapamil and diltiazem can precipitate
carbamazepine-induced neurotoxicity
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