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MCPHS A&P Exam 4: Questions & Verified Solutions
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MCPHS A&P Exam 4: Questions & Verified Solutions
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MCPHS A&P Exam 4: Questions & Verified SolutionsCell Bodies housing a nucleus Right Ans - Is the part of the neuron that
controls cell function
What is the junction between a neuron and any other cell? Right Ans -
Synapse
Gray matter consists of Right Ans - Collections of nerve cell bodies in the
CNS
White matter consists of Right Ans - Bundles of myelinated axons
The part of the neuron that recieves information Right Ans - dendrites
What is the blood barrier created by? Right Ans - astrocytes
What ion is needed to release a neurotransmitter from the synaptic vesicle
Right Ans - calcium
During the absolute refractory period, the cell Right Ans - cannot be
stimulated
what creates the myelin in the central nervous system Right Ans -
ogligodendrocytes
during the refractory period, the cell Right Ans - responds only to
excessively strong stimuli
an example of a circuit that involves two or more neurons synapsing with a
single post-synaptic neuron is a Right Ans - convergent circuit
The myelin in the peripheral nervous system is created by Right Ans -
neurolemmocytes
Neurotransmitters are found stored in vesicles where Right Ans - pre-
synaptic terminal
What ion causes depolarization in neurons Right Ans - sodium
,What makes up the central nervous system Right Ans - Spinal cord and
brain
Two main types of cells in the nervous tissue Right Ans - neurons and glial
cells
Cranial nerves Right Ans - originate from the brain; 12 pairs
Spinal nerves Right Ans - originate from the spinal cord; 31 pairs
Ganglion Right Ans - collection of neuron cell bodies outside the brain and
spinal cord
Plexus Right Ans - extensive network of axons, and sometimes neuron cell
bodies, located outside of the CNS
glial cells Right Ans - supportive cells with many functions
Functions of the nervous system Right Ans - 1. Maintaining homeostasis
2. Receiving sensory input
3. Integrating information
4. Controlling muscles and glands
5. Establishing and maintaining mental activity
Motor division of the PNS Right Ans - somatic and autonomic nervous
system
Sensory receptors Right Ans - detect stimuli; send input along nerves
sensory (afferent) Right Ans - transmits action potentials from receptors to
CNS
Motor (efferent) Right Ans - transmits action potentials from CNS to
effectors (muscles, glands)
Somatic nervous system Right Ans - from CNS to skeletal muscles. Is
voluntary; single neuron system
, Autonomic nervous system Right Ans - From CNS to smooth muscle,
cardiac muscle, and certain glands. Is involuntary; 2 neuron system
Division of ANS Right Ans - Sympathetic and parasympathetic and enteric
Sympathetic nervous system Right Ans - prepares body for physical
activity (fight or flight)
Parasympathetic nervous system Right Ans - Regulates resting functions
such as digesting food or emptying the urinary bladder (rest and digest)
Enteric nervous system Right Ans - Plexuses within the wall of the
digestive tract
Neuron cell body (soma) Right Ans - typical cell functions such as protein
synthesis and house keeping; contain Nissl bodies (rough ER)
Dendrites Right Ans - cell extensions that receive information from other
neurons; often short and highly branched with extensions called dendritic
spines
Axons Right Ans - arises from axon hillock; part of a trigger zone where
action potentials are generated; contains axoplasm and axolemma; ends at the
presynaptic terminal containing synaptic vesicles full of neurotransmitter
How neurons are classified Right Ans - functional and structural
Functional classification of neurons Right Ans - Sensory (afferent), motor
(efferent), interneurons (association neurons)
structural classification of neurons Right Ans - Multipolar, bipolar, pseudo-
unipolar, anaxonic
Multipolar neurons Right Ans - most neurons in CNS; motor neurons
Bipolar neurons Right Ans - sensory in retina of the eye and nose
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