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MCPHS Anatomy and Physiology Exam 3: Questions With Complete Solutions
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MCPHS Anatomy and Physiology Exam 3: Questions With Complete Solutions
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MCPHS Anatomy and Physiology Exam 3: QuestionsWith Complete Solutions
The Origin Right Ans - point of attachment that does not move when the
muscle contracts
The insertion Right Ans - the point of attachment of a muscle to the part
that it moves
Fascicle arrangement Right Ans - circular, convergent, parallel, pennate,
fusiform
Circular muscle Right Ans - arranged in a circle around an opening and act
as sphincters; ex: orbicularis oris and orbicularis oculi
convergent muscles Right Ans - converge at a single tendon; ex: pectoralis
major, pectoralis minor
parallel muscles Right Ans - lie parallel to one another and to the long axis
of the muscle; ex: trapezius
Pennate muscles Right Ans - fascicles originate from tendon that runs the
length of the entire muscle; has three different patterns: unipennate
(semimembranosus), bipennate (rectus femoris), and multipennate (deltoid)
Fusiform muscles Right Ans - fascicles lie parallel to the long axis of the
muscle. The belly of the muscle is larger in diameter than the ends; ex: biceps
brachii (two-headed) triceps brachii (three-headed)
How muscles are named Right Ans - 1. location
2. Size
3. shape
4. orientation of fascicles
5. origin of insertion
6. number of heads
7. function
Do muscles work as levers, fulcrums or weight? Right Ans - levers
, Class I lever system Right Ans - fulcrum is between pull and weight
(seesaw)
Class II lever system Right Ans - weight is between the fulcrum and the pull
(wheelbarrow)
Class III lever system Right Ans - Most common in body, pull is between
fulcrum and weight (person using shovel)
Posterior muscles of the neck Right Ans - longissimus capitis, oblique
capitis superior, rectus capitis posterior, semispinalis capitis, splenius capitis,
trapezius
longissimus capitis Right Ans - insertion: mastoid process
function: extends, rotates, and laterally flexes neck
oblique capitis superior Right Ans - insertion: occipital bone
function: extends and laterally flexes neck; turns head
rectus capitis posterior Right Ans - insertion: occipital bone
function: extends and rotates neck; turns head
semispinalis capitis Right Ans - insertion: occipital bone
function: extends, rotates, and laterally flexes neck
trapezius Right Ans - insertion: clavicle, acromion process and scapular
spine
function: extends and laterally flexes neck
splenius capitis Right Ans - insertion: superior nuchal line and mastoid
process
function: extends, rotates, and laterally flexes neck
lateral muscles of the neck Right Ans - sternocleidomastoid, scalene
muscles
sternocleidomastoid Right Ans - insertion: mastoid process and superior
nuchal line
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