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NUR 215 Exam 3 Questions with Verified Answers
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NUR 215 Exam 3 Questions with Verified Answers
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NUR 215 Exam 3 Questions with VerifiedAnswers
upper airway - Answer-- not sterile
- nasal passage, mouth, and pharynx
- infections: common cold, pharyngitis, influenza, rhinosinusitis
lower airway - Answer-- sterile
- trachea, bronchi, bronchioles
- gas exchange
- infections: RSV, acute bronchitis, TB, pneumonia
ventilation - Answer-moving air in and out
- adequate ventilation necessary for O2 to blood - body - tissue
respiration - Answer-gase exchange in lungs
- external: CO2 - O2 (in lungs)
- internal: O2 - CO2 (in tissue) (capillary - tissue gas exchange)
factors affecting ventilation - Answer-- respiratory rate and depth
- hyper/hypoventilation
- lung compliance, elasticity
- airway resistance
factors affecting pulmonary function - Answer-- developmental state
- environment (stress. allergies, air quality)
- lifestyle (substances, exercise, occupation)
- smoking and 2nd hand
- CNS depressants (meds)
alterations to gas exchange - Answer-alveoli cant recoil (trapped air)
- COPD
- emphysema
pulmonary assessment - Answer-- physical: inspect, palpate, percuss, auscultate
- respiratory distress: gather symptoms (quick exam: adequacy of breathing, circulating,
oxygenation)
- healthy person: risk of respiratory disease - extensive questions and physical exam
eupnea - Answer-normal breathing 12-20 BPM
bradypnea - Answer-less than 12 BPM
tachypnea - Answer-more than 20 BPM
, apnea - Answer-period of no breathing
dyspnea - Answer-SOB, labored breathing
hyperventilation - Answer-- increased rate and depth
- blows off CO2 - decrease level in blood
- anxiety, fear, extreme exertion
kussmauls - Answer-- hyperventilation with metabolic acidosis
- fruity acetone breath
boits - Answer-- irregular periods of inspiration and expiration, followed by apnea
- trauma or affected CNS
cheyne-stokes - Answer-- end of life
- periods of apnea with periods of inspiration and expiration
early symptoms of hypoxia - Answer-R - restless
A - anxiety
T - tachypnea/tachycardia
late symptoms of hypoxia - Answer-B - bradycardia
E - extreme restlessness
D - dyspnea (severe)
pediatric symptoms of hypoxia - Answer-F- feeding difficulty
I - inspiratory stridor
N - nares flared
E - expiratory grunting
S - sternal retractions
diagnostic testing - Answer-- ABG's blood test: tests levels of CO2 and O2 (most
accurate)
- chest x-ray
- sputum culture
- pulse ox
- peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) = asthma
interventions for optimal oxygenation - Answer-- pt position
- pulmonary hygiene
- promote respiratory function
- smoking cessation
- aspiration precautions
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