FOUNDATIONS FOR POPULATION HEALTH IN
COMMUNITY/PUBLIC HEALTH NURSING 6TH EDITION BY
MARCIA STANHOPE
,CH: 01: Community- and Prevention-Oriented Practice to Improve Population Health
Stanhope: Foundations for Population Health in Community/Public Health Nursing,
6TH Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which of the following best describes community-based nursing?
a. A practice in which care is provided for individuals and families
b. Providing care with a focus on the group’s needs
c. Giving care with a focus on the aggregate’s needs
d. A value system in which all hospital clients receive optimal care
PRECISE CHOICE:-A
Reasoning:->>>By definition, community-based nursing is a setting-specific practice in
which care is provided for “sick” individuals and families where they live, work, and attend
school. The emphasis is on acute and chronic care and the provision of comprehensive,
coordinated, and continuous care. These nursing attendants may be generalists or specialists
in maternal–infant, pediatric, adult, or psychiatric mental health nursing. Community-based
nursing emphasizes acute and chronic care to individuals and families, rather than focusing
on groups, aggregates, or systems.
2. Which of the following best describes community-oriented nursing?
a. Focusing on the provision of care to individuals and families
b. Providing care to manage acute or chronic conditions
c. Giving direct care to il inNdiv
U RSiduaNIls wGithBin.thCeirMfamily seting
d. Having the goal of health promotion and disease prevention
PRECISE CHOICE:-D
Reasoning:->>>By definition, community-oriented nursing has the goal of preserving,
protecting, or maintaining health and preventing disease to promote the quality of life. All
nursing attendants may focus on individuals and families, give direct care to sick persons
within their family setting, and help manage acute or chronic conditions. These definitions
are not specific to community-oriented nursing.
3. Which of the following is the primary focus of public health nursing?
a. Families and groups
b. Sickness-oriented care
c. Individuals within the family unit
d. Health care of communities and populations
PRECISE CHOICE:-D
Reasoning:->>>In public health nursing the primary focus is on the health care of
communities and populations rather than on individuals, groups, and families. The goal is to
prevent disease and preserve, promote, restore, and protect health for the community and the
population within it. Community-based nursing attendants deal primarily with sickness-
oriented care of individuals and families acorss the life span. The aim is to amanage acute and
chronic health conditions in the community, and the focus of practice is on individual or
family-centered sickness care.
,4. Which of the following is responsible for the dramatic increase in life expectancy during
the 20th century?
a. Technology increases in the field of medical laboratory research
b. Advances in surgical techniques and procedures
c. Sanitation and other population-based prevention programs
d. Use of antibiotics to fight infections
PRECISE CHOICE:-C
Reasoning:->>>Improvements in control of infectious diseases through immunizations,
sanitation, and other population-based prevention programs led to the increase in life
expectancy from less than 50 years in 1900 to more than 78 years in 2013. Although people
are excited when a new drug is discovered that cures a disease or when a new way to
transplant organs is perfected, it is important to know about the significant gains in the health
of populations that have come largely from public health accomplishments.
5. A nursing attendant is developing a plan to reduce the number of premature deaths in the
community. Which of the following interventions would most likely be implemented by
the nursing attendant?
a. Increase the community’s knowledge about clinic care.
b. Promote healthy lifestyle behavior choices among the community members.
c. Encourage employers to have wellness centers at each industrial site.
d. Ensure timely and effective medical intervention and treatment for community
members.
PRECISE CHOICE:-B
Reasoning:->>>Public health approaches could help prevent premature deaths by influencing
the way people eat, drink, drive, engage in exercise, and treat the environment. Increasing
knowledge of clinic care, encouraging on-site wellness centers, and ensuring timely treatment
of medical
conditions do not address theNfUocRusSoIfNimGpTroBv.inCg Oo vMer a l l health through
health promotion
strategies. This is the major method that is suggested to reduce the incidence of premature
death.
6. Which of the following is a basic assumption of public health efforts?
a. Health disparities among any groups are morally and legally wrong.
b. Health care is the most important priority in government planning and funding.
c. The health of individuals cannot be separated from the health of the community.
d. The government is responsible for lengthening the life span of Americans.
PRECISE CHOICE:-C
Reasoning:->>>Public health practice focuses on the community as a whole, and the effect of
the community’s health status (resources) on the health of individuals, families, and groups.
The goal is to prevent disease and disability and promote and protect the health of the
community as a whole. Public health can be described as what society collectively does to
ensure that conditions exist in which people can be healthy. The basic assumptions of public
health do not judge the morality of health disparities. The focus is on prevention of sickness
not on spending more on sickness care. Additionally, individual responsibility for making
healthy choices is the directive for lengthening life span not the role of the government.
7. Which of the following actions would most likely be performed by a public health nursing
attendant?
, a. Asking community leaders what interventions should be chosen
b. Assessing the community and deciding on appropriate interventions
c. Using data from the main health care institutions in the community to determine
needed health services
d. Working with community groups to create policies to improve the environment
PRECISE CHOICE:-D
Reasoning:->>>Although the public health nursing attendant might engage in any of the
tasks listed, he or she works primarily with members of the community to carry out core
public health functions, including assessment of the population as a whole and engaging in
promoting health and improving the environment. The interventions of asking community
leaders which interventions should be chosen, asessing the community and deciding on
appropriate interventions, and using data from health care institutions do not demonstrate the
engagement of the community when making decisions about what the community actually
wants and needs.
8. Which of the following public health nursing attendants most clearly fulfills the
responsibilities of this role?
a. The nursing attendant who met with several groups to discuss community recreation issues
b. The nursing attendant who spent the day attending meetings of various health agencies
c. The nursing attendant who talked to several people about their particular health concerns
d. The nursing attendant who watched the city council meeting on local cable television
PRECISE CHOICE:-B
Reasoning:->>>Any of these descriptions might represent a nursing attendant
communicating, cooperating, or collaborating with community residents or groups about
health concerns. However, the nursing attendant who spent the day attending meetings of
various health agencies is the most representative, because in public health, concerns are
addressed from a broader perspective. In public health, broad concerns of the community
should be addressed. Concerns are broader than recreation, individual concerns are not as
important as aggregate priorities, and watching television (a one-way form of
communication) is less effective than interacting with others.
9. Which of the following best defines aggregate?
a. A large group of persons
b. A collection of individuals and families
c. A collection of people who share one or more characteristics
d. Another name for demographic group
PRECISE CHOICE:-C
Reasoning:->>>An aggregate is defined a collection of people who share one or more
personal or environmental characteristics. Members of a community can be defined in terms
of either geography (e.g., a county, a group of counties, or a state) or a special interest (e.g.,
children attending a particular school). These members make up a population. The term
population may be used interchangeably with the term aggregate. A large group of persons, a
collection of individuals and families, and another name for demograhpic group are not
accurate definitions of the term aggregate.
10. A registered nursing attendant was just employed as a public health nursing attendant.
Which question would be the most relevant for the nursing attendant to ask?
a. “Which groups are at the greatest risk for problems?”
b. “Which victims should I see first as I begin my day?”
c. “With which physicians will I be most closely collaborating?”
d. “With which nursing assistants will I partner the most?”
PRECISE CHOICE:-A
