FINAL EXAM BBH 310 || Questions and 100% Accurate Answers.
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Course
BBH 310 |
Institution
BBH 310 |
A relationship in which one variable directly or indirectly influences another is known as a _____. correct answers causal relationship
Research in which a researcher makes no attempt to manipulate variables but observes them "as is" is known as _____. correct answers correlational research
T...
FINAL EXAM BBH 310 || Questions and 100% Accurate
Answers.
A relationship in which one variable directly or indirectly influences another is known as a
_____. correct answers causal relationship
Research in which a researcher makes no attempt to manipulate variables but observes them "as
is" is known as _____. correct answers correlational research
To establish a causal relationship between two variables, one must be able to demonstrate that
_____. correct answers variation in one of the observed variables could only be due to the
influence of the other observed variable
Identify the goals of exploratory data collection and analysis in the context of scientific research.
(Check all that apply.) correct answers To classify behaviors in a given research area
To identify the variables involved in explaining the behavior of interest
The possibility that correlational relationships may result from the action of an unobserved
variable is called the _____. correct answers third-variable problem
When a brick is dropped accidentally on an individual's toe, the impact of the brick will stimulate
pain receptors in the toe and therefore the individual screams involuntarily. The fall of the brick
leading to the pain in the toe is an example of a _____. correct answers causal relationship
Unidirectional and bidirectional are types of _____ relationships. correct answers causal
To resolve the third-variable problem, a researcher must _____. correct answers examine the
effects of each potential third variable to determine whether it accounts for the observed
relationship
Research that primarily involves observing the values of two or more variables and determining
what relationships exist between them is known as _____ correct answers correlational research
In which stage of a research project is the correlational research approach's ability to identify
potential causal relationships useful? correct answers Exploratory data collection stage
Identify the two obstacles that stand in the way of drawing clear causal inferences from
correlational data. (Select all that apply.) correct answers The directionality problem
The third-variable problem
Identify a situation in which a correlational research design is chosen over an experimental
design. correct answers To see how naturally occurring variables relate in the real world
,What is the role of a third variable in correlational relationships that may have resulted from the
action of an unobserved third variable? correct answers It may influence both of the observed
variables.
Match the names of the independent variables in an experimental study (in the left column) to
their corresponding descriptions (in the right column). correct answers Treatments
matches
Choice, The specific conditions associated with each set of values of an independent variable
The specific conditions associated with each set of values of an independent variable
Levels
matches
Choice, The set values of an independent variable in an experimental design
The set values of an independent variable in an experimental design
The value of an independent variable in an experimental design is independent of the _____.
correct answers participant's behavior
During the initial, exploratory stage of a research project, the correlational approach to research
is useful because it _____. correct answers helps identify potential causal relationships that can
provide a rich source of hypotheses
Identify a true statement about extraneous variables in experimental research. correct answers
Experimental research has a defining characteristic of control over extraneous variables.
In order to manipulate an independent variable in an experimental research design, a researcher
must _____. correct answers expose research participants to at least two levels of that variable
Identify a consequence of the uncontrolled variability of extraneous variables in experimental
research. correct answers It may make it impossible to detect any effects of the independent
variable.
Identify the true statement about random assignment. correct answers It allows the use of
inferential statistics to evaluate the probability with which chance alone could have produced the
observed differences.
The ability of a research design to adequately test the hypotheses developed is known as its
_____. correct answers internal validity
Identify a true statement about confounding of variables.
Multiple choice question. correct answers It does not necessarily present a serious threat to
internal validity.
According to Campbell and Stanley, history may confound studies because _____. correct
answers specific events may occur between observations that affect the results
, In external validity, all studies should be conducted in such a way that the findings can be
generalized immediately to _____. (Select all that apply.) correct answers larger populations
real-world situations
Match the meanings of internal validity in different situations (in the left column) to their
corresponding descriptions (in the right column). correct answers Internal validity in an
experiment
matches
Choice, Variation in the independent variable, and only the independent variable, caused the
observed variation in the dependent variable.
Variation in the independent variable, and only the independent variable, caused the observed
variation in the dependent variable.
Internal validity in a correlational study
matches
Choice, Changes in the value of the criterion variable relate solely to changes in the value of
your predictor variable and not to changes in other, extraneous variables.
Changes in the value of the criterion variable relate solely to changes in the value of your
predictor variable and not to changes in other, extraneous variables.
Whenever two or more variables combine in such a way that their effects cannot be separated,
a/an _____ of those variables has occurred. correct answers confounding
According to Campbell and Stanley, history tends to confound studies through _____ correct
answers multiple observations that are taken over time
A researcher may be more concerned with external validity than internal validity if he or she is
more concerned with applying the results to a(n) _____.
Multiple choice question. correct answers real-world problem
The time to be concerned with internal validity is during the _____ phase of the study.
Multiple choice question. correct answers design
True or false: In a field experiment, a researcher cannot manipulate independent variables.
correct answers False
Identify the element that should be placed on the top half of the title page of an APA-style
manuscript centered between the left and right margins. (Select all that apply.) correct answers
Author
Institutional affiliation information
The title
Identify the subsection of the method section in an APA-style manuscript that is particularly
useful when one's study uses an unconventional or complex format.
Multiple choice question. correct answers Design
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