NUR 2474 Pharmacology for Professional
Nursing Final Exam
1. What types of insulins are usually given before meals?
Answer
Regular and Glargine
2. Why is Glargine (lantus) given at bedtime?
Answer
sugar drops overnight.
3. What type of insulin is sometimes given at bedtime, has the longest dura- tions of all the
insulin, CANNOT be mixed with other insulins, and for elderly patients is often split into two
doses. AM and PM?
Answer
Insulin Glargine (Lantus)
4. Why is a nurse concerned for a beta-blocker/insulin combination?
Answer
Beta blcokers can mask some of the symptoms of hypoglycemia.
5. What do you asses for in patient's taking beta blockers while on insulin.
Answer
- symptoms of hypoglycemia
-feeling shaky
-being nervous or anxious
-sweating, chills and clamminess
-irritability or impatience
-confusion
-fast heartbeat
-feeling lightheaded or dizzy
,-hunger
-headache
6. rapid-acting insulins
Answer
Lispro (Humalog)
7. Onset of Lispro (rapid-acting)
Answer
less than 15 min
11. Steps to do after a patient is hypoglycemic?
Answer
1. check blood sugar
2. give simple carbs
3. if unable to swollow give glucagon
4. for IV access give Dextrose D50W
12. How does Glipizide work?
,Answer
Lowers blood sugar by causing the pancreas to produce insulin, needed to break down sugar in
the body and helping the body use insulin efficiently.
13. How to diagnose Diabetes type 2?
Answer
- no end organ damage
-less than five years
14. What classification is Glipizide?
Answer
-anti-diabetic
-oral hypoglycemic
15. What are the side/adverse effects of Glipizide?
Answer
diarrhea constipation
headache hypoglycemia
nausea vomiting
upset stomach loss of appetite weight gain
17. drug-drug interactionsof Glipizide?
Answer
allergy to sulfa
, 18. drug-food interactions of Glipizide?
Answer
take with breakfast
19. How does Metformin work?
Answer
reducing the amount of sugar the liver releases into the blood
makes the body respond better to insulin
20. What classifications is Metformin?
Answer
anti-diabetic oral hypoglycemia
21. WHat are the side/adverse effects of Metformin?
Answer
hypoglycemia can be harsh on kidneys
22. Contraindications of Metformin?
Answer
Kidney disease heart attack
stroke
diabetic ketoacidosis coma
heart disease liver disease
23. How does Acarbose work?
Answer
by slowing the aciton of certain chemicals that break down food to release glucose into the
blood.
24. What classification does Acarbose fit in?
Answer
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