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ATLS study cards QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS A+ GRADED 100% VERIFIED 2025/2026
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ATLS study cards QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS A+ GRADED 100% VERIFIED 2025/2026
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ATLS study cardsGlasgow
Coma
Scale
Chance fracture
Transverse fracture thru vertebra.
In youngsters commonly associated with enterc disruption. Seen in motor automobile injuries
related to simplest lap belt.
May be related to retroperitoneal and Abdominal visceral accidents.
Anterior hip dislocation
Flexed, abducted, externally circled.
Burst fracture
Associated with vertebral-axial compression injuries
Posterior hip dislocation
Flexed, aDDucted, internally circled
Anterior shoulder dislocation
Squared off look
Posterior shoulder dislocation
Lock in inner rotation.
Ankle dislocation
Most are Externally circled, with a prominent medial malleolus.
FULL thickness (3rd degree) burn
Dark or white and leathery. Translucent white as nicely. Painless and commonly "dry" Does
now not blanch with strain. Very little swelling of burned tissue.
,Principle Life saving measures for patients with burn accidents consist of
-Establishing airway manipulate
-Stopping the burning. Process
-Intravenous get admission to
Factors that growth the danger for higher AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION in burns encompass:
-Burns to the pinnacle and face
-Burn size and intensity
-Burns in the mouth
Partial thickness burn
Red remodeled look with related swelling and blister formation. May have weeping or moist
look and is painfully hypersensitive even to air present day.
Signs and signs and symptoms and records that suggest INHALATION INJURY include:
These patients should be intubated. Inhalation harm is an indication for transfer to a burn
center.
Rule of nines - person
The palm represents 1% of the body overall floor vicinity.
Symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning and respective ranges
PaO2 does now not reliably are expecting carbon monoxide poisoning because a CO partial
stress of simplest 1 mmm Hg outcomes in a hemoglobin CO stage of 40% or extra.
Carbon monoxide has how frequently extra affinity for hemoglobin than oxygen
240 instances.
It displaces the oxyhemoglobin desaturated curve to the LEFT.
Two criteria required for the analysis of smoke inhalation harm
-Exposure to a flamable agent
-Signs of publicity to smoke inside the decrease airway, below the vocal cords, by
bronchoscopy.
Performing this movement will assist lessen neck and chest wall edema in sufferers with
burn and inhalation damage.
Elevation of the top and chest by way of 30 ranges.
, IV fluid management method for burn sufferers
Indicated in burns regarding over 20% of the body surface area.
*(2-4 mL/kg of LR/NS) (weight in kg) (% vicinity of burn); deliver half of of this extent in first
eight hours. Remainder in over 16 hours.
Large quality, as a minimum 15 gauge intravenous line have to be added.
Pitfalls for IV fluid requirements for burn sufferers.
These sufferers require more fluid necessities: ~immolation injury
~pediatric burn sufferers
~concomitant blunt or overwhelm
accidents.
Basic rules concerning IV fluids administration in burn victims
IV fluid Rate need to now not be based totally at the time of actual damage.
In very small kids, less than 10 kilograms, it may be essential to add glucose to the IV fluids
to avoid hypoglycemia.
Any adjustment in IV fluid rate need to be primarily based on urine output. In an person,
urine output above 0.Five ml/ kilogram ought to result in discount of IV fluid rate.
Initial remedy of frostbite/ cold accidents
Place injured component in circulating water and a constant 40 stages centigrade till red
coloration and perfusion return, usually inside 20 to half-hour.
Antibiotics aren't indicated empirically until infection develops later.
Persisted ACIDEMIA in burn sufferers may additionally mirror...
Cyanide poisoning. (Cyanide is a evidently going on toxin that can be inhaled in a confined
space hearth).
Hypothermia
Severe hypothermia
Core temperature of 36 stages centigrade
Temperature beneath 32 tiers centigrade
Definition of frostbite.
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