Peat Exam Update Latest 2024 | Retired
PEAT Exam Update Latest 2024 Questions
and Correct Answers Rated A+
A patient has a left thoracolumbar scoliosis. Pelvic landmarks are symmetrical. Which of
the following muscles will MOST likely be tight?
1. Right hip abductors
2. Left latissimus dorsi
3. Right quadratus lumborum
4. Left iliocostalis lumborum - ANSWER 3. Right quadratus lumborum
Rationale:
1. The right hip abductors will be normal length since the pelvis is level.
2. The left latissimus dorsi will be normal or lengthened dependent on the severity of the
curve.
3. With a left thoracolumbar scoliosis, the C curve is concave on the right, resulting in
shortened trunk musculature on the right, i.e., quadratus lumborum.
4. The left iliocostalis lumborum will be of normal length or lengthened,
depending on the severity of the curve.
Which of the following is the MOST appropriate technique to improve the flexibility of
the hip flexors?
1. Active hip extension to end range, followed by isometric hip flexion
2. Resisted hip extension using cuff weights, followed by active hip flexion
3. Placing the patient in prone with pillows positioned under the abdomen
4. Gentle, sustained passive hip extension - ANSWER 4. Gentle, sustained passive
hip extension
Rationale:
1. This exercise requires the addition of active relaxation of the hip flexors and
active or passive movement into hip extension to be effective (pp. 103-104).
,2. This exercise is a strengthening exercise for the hip extensors; active movement of
tight muscles does not activate a relaxation response; an isometric contraction
is required (p. 757).
3. Tight muscles need to be taken to their most lengthened position before
maintaining the position; lying prone on pillows is not the most lengthened
position of the hip flexors (p. 118).
4. Gentle, sustained passive hip extension is an appropriate method of stretching tight
tissues (p. 98).
A physical therapist uses underwater ultrasound as part of the intervention to treat a
patient with an ankle injury. The MOST appropriate mode of application is to immerse
the patient's ankle in a:
1. whirlpool filled with degassed water and hold the transducer underwater
directly on the skin.
2. metal basin filled with mineral oil and hold the transducer underwater
approximately 1 in (2.54 cm) away from the body surface.
3. ceramic basin filled with glycerin and move transducer underwater directly on the
skin.
4. plastic basin filled with tap water and move the transducer approximately 0.25 in
(0.64 cm) away from the body surface. - ANSWER 4. plastic basin filled with tap
water and move the transducer approximately 0.25 in (0.64 cm) away from the body
surface.
Rationale:
1. While degassed water is an acceptable coupling medium, the whirlpool surface will
reflect the ultrasound waves thereby increasing the intensity of treatment and risk of
overheating the injured tissue.
2. A metal basin which will reflect the ultrasound waves along with mineral oil as an
immersion medium will both increase the intensity of the treatment and risk
overheating the injured tissue.
3. While a ceramic basin is acceptable, glycerin as a coupling medium will more likely
produce surface overheating of the injured tissue than tap water. It is also not
recommended to place the transducer directly onto the skin during ultrasound
treatment.
4. This option has the correct basin (with reduced reflection), coupling medium, and
application (parallel to and the correct distance from the body surface).
,Which of the following activities should be the PRIMARY emphasis of a physical therapy
treatment program for a child who has athetoid cerebral palsy?
1. Facilitating co-contraction patterns and encouraging control in voluntary
movement gradation
2. Increasing muscle strength using progressive resistive exercises
3. Facilitating use of primitive reflexes to perform gross motor tasks
4. Preventing development of contractures and ensuring full voluntary range of
motion - ANSWER 1. Facilitating co-contraction patterns and encouraging control
in voluntary movement gradation
Rationale:
1. Athetoid cerebral palsy is characterized by involuntary movements that are slow and
writhing. In therapy, the emphasis should be on facilitating cocontraction and
encouraging control in voluntary movement.
2. Although strength training is indicated in children with cerebral palsy, a child with
athetoid cerebral palsy lacks the control to consistently produce a maximal effort in a
controlled movement. Therefore, the focus must first be on gaining control, then on
traditional strength training.
3. A goal of therapy would not be to reinforce primitive reflexes. The primary need for
this child is to gain controlled movement.
4. Children with athetoid cerebral palsy are less likely to have contractures, compared
with children with other forms of cerebral palsy, because of the constant movement of
limbs. This would not be the primary emphasis of therapy.
A patient is referred to physical therapy with a history of ulnar nerve entrapment at the
level of the hamate. Which of the following would be the MOST specific exercise to
improve this patient's strength deficits?
1. Practice pinching between thumb (1st digit) and the tip of the index finger (2nd
digit).
2. Squeeze hand grip with elastic-band resistance.
3. Oppose thumb (1st digit) to the metacarpal phalangeal joint of each finger (2nd
through 5th digits).
4. Squeeze therapy putty between the sides of the fingers. - ANSWER 4. Squeeze
, therapy putty between the sides of the fingers.
Rationale:
1. The muscles that are active during this movement are supplied by the median
nerve, and impingement occurs in the carpal tunnel, not at the hamate (pp. 386,
405).
2. Doing this exercise would not isolate muscles supplied by the ulnar nerve, as only
the 4th and 5th digits would be involved. This exercise would be appropriate if the
ulnar nerve was entrapped at the level of the cubital tunnel and not in the tunnel of
Guyon (at the level of the hamate) (pp. 386-387).
3. This exercise would strengthen muscles supplied by the median nerve at the wrist.
Deficits here would be loss of thumb (1st digit) abduction and opposition (p. 386).
4. This movement isolates the lumbricals and interossei, which are innervated by the
ulnar nerve and are affected when entrapment occurs at the tunnel of Guyon (at the
level of the hamate) (pp. 386-387, 409).
A physical therapist is evaluating a 55-year-old male patient with low back pain. The
therapist asks the patient if he has noticed any changes in bowel or bladder function.
The patient reports he is having difficulty initiating urination. This symptom is MOST
often a result of which of the following conditions?
1. Bladder cancer
2. Stress incontinence
3. Prostate enlargement
4. Renal failure - ANSWER 3. Prostate enlargement
Rationale:
1. Difficulty initiating a urine stream is not consistent with bladder cancer (p. 982).
2. Stress incontinence is characterized by loss of urine with coughing or sneezing (pp.
985-986).
3. The most common presentation for enlargement of the prostate is difficulty
initiating the urine stream (pp. 998-999).
4. Difficulty initiating a urine stream is not consistent with renal failure (pp.
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