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NGR6172_Unit 2 - Cardiovascular Drugs with 100- correct answers (latest update).
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NGR6172_Unit 2 - Cardiovascular Drugs with 100- correct answers (latest update).
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NGR6172_Unit 2 -Cardiovascular Drugs with
100% correct answers (latest
update)
ADRENERGIC AGONISTS:
Can Catecholamines be given PO? - answer No, they are given
parenterally.
Non-catecholamines can be given orally
ADRENERGIC AGONISTS:
□ Oxidation of catecholamines over time causes color changes and these
solutions should be DISCARDED, T/F? - answer true
ADRENERGIC AGONISTS:
□ Adrenergic agonists are also called (sympathomimetics or
sympatholytics)? - answer Sympathomimetics
ADRENERGIC AGONISTS:
□ Activation of alpha_1 receptors located in the eye causes (miosis or
mydriasis) - answer Mydriasis (wide-eyed with fear)
ADRENERGIC AGONISTS:
□ Alpha_1 agonists are used to (increase or decrease blood pressure) -
answer Increase B/P
- Phenylepherine
- pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)
,- activate alpha_1 receptors causes vasoconstriction of blood vessels
ADRENERGIC AGONISTS
□ Is activation of alpha_2 receptors in the periphery significant? - answer
No, however activation of alpha_2 receptors in the CNS leads to anti-
adrenergic responses:
- clonidine (Catapres) ---> decrease in
BP and heart rate)
ADRENERGIC AGONISTS
□ What can occur if an alpha_1 agonist that is given IV is given into SQ
tissue such as with an infiltrated IV? - answer Vasoconstriction can lead
to tissue necrosis (extravasation)
ADRENERGIC AGONISTS
□ What is the treatment for extravasation of an alpha_1 agonist? - answer
Phentolamine (OraVerse; Rogitine), an alpha adrenergic antagonist
ADRENERGIC AGONISTS
□ Phenylephrine (Rectacain, Anu-Med)
given topically is an alpha_1 agonist that treats_______? - answer Nasal
congestions
ADRENERGIC AGONISTS
□ Epinephrine is the drug of choice for treating anaphylaxis.
Stimulation of adrenergic receptors leads to (bronchoconstriction or
bronchodilation) - answer Bronchodilation
- occurs with activation of beta_2 receptors S/P epinephrine
,ADRENERGIC AGONISTS
□ What is the impact of activation of adrenergic receptors when
epinephrine is given for anaphylaxis? - answer - Elevation on BP
- suppression of glottal edema
- counteraction of bronchoconstriction
ADRENERGIC AGONISTS
□ Why should patients who have used their Epi Pen be hospitalized for up
to 6 hours? - answer There can be a biphasic and prolonged phase to an
anaphylactic reaction
ADRENERGIC AGONISTS
□ Delayed and or persistent symptoms of anaphylaxis can be treated
with_______? - answer Oral glucocorticoids
ADRENERGIC AGONISTS
□ When a patient with severe allergies reaches a weight of________lbs. -
answer 66 lbs, they can transition from the Epi Pen Jr. to the adult dose
of 0.3 mg.
ADRENERGIC AGONISTS
□ A patient having an anaphylactic reaction would use an epinephrine
solution concentration of__________% for IM injection. - answer 0.1% or
1:000
- The adult dose is 0.3 mg and 0.150 mg for a pediatric dose (less than 66
lbs.)
ADRENERGIC AGONISTS:
□ What are the uses of the adrenergic agonist isoproterenol? - answer -
AV block
- cardiac arrest
, - shock
ADRENERGIC AGONISTS:
□ Which drug classes when can intensify the effects of alpha antagonists
such as epinephrine - answer MAOI's, TCA's and general anesthetics
□ Beta_2 agonists are used for treatment for _______________ and in
___________________. - answer Asthma, preterm labor
□ What are the adverse effects of beta_2 agonists?
ie) albuterol - answer Tachycardia
ALPHA-ADRENERGIC ANTAGONISTS (ALPHA BLOCKERS):
□ A drug that blocks alpha_1 receptors (alpha-adrenergic antagonist)
would be used to (increase or decrease) blood pressure? - answer
Decrease
ALPHA-ADRENERGIC ANTAGONISTS (ALPHA BLOCKERS):
□ Are alpha blockers recommended for "first line" use in patients with
HTN? - answer No, they are used more for BPH.
- They can be used first line for a "therapeutic twofer" such as in a patient
that has HTN and BPH
ALPHA-ADRENERGIC ANTAGONISTS (ALPHA BLOCKERS):
□ Other than BPH what are some other less common indications for the
use of alpha blockers? - answer - Pheochromocytoma
- Raynaud's disease
ALPHA-ADRENERGIC ANTAGONISTS (ALPHA BLOCKERS):
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