,1. Case Study: Cardiovascular System
- A 55-year-old male visits the clinic with shortness of
breath and chest pain. An ECG shows ST elevation.
- Question : Which coronary artery is most likely
occluded?
- A) Right Coronary Artery (RCA)
- B) Left Anterior Descending Artery (LAD)
- C) Circumflex Artery
- D) Left Main Coronary Artery
- Answer : B) Left Anterior Descending Artery (LAD)
- Rationale : ST elevation commonly indicates
myocardial infarction, and the LAD supplies the anterior wall
of the heart, frequently involved in such cases.
2. Case Study: Renal System
- A patient presents with edema and hypertension. Lab
tests show elevated creatinine levels.
- Question : Which part of the nephron is primarily
responsible for reabsorbing water?
- A) Glomerulus
- B) Proximal Convoluted Tubule
- C) Loop of Henle
- D) Distal Convoluted Tubule
- Answer : C) Loop of Henle
- Rationale : The Loop of Henle, particularly its
descending limb, is crucial in the reabsorption of water,
concentrating urine.
, - Question : Which cells release histamines causing
bronchoconstriction in asthma?
- A) Red Blood Cells
- B) Mast Cells
- C) Platelets
- D) Neutrophils
- Answer : B) Mast Cells
- Rationale : Mast cells in the lungs release histamines
and other chemicals during an asthma attack, leading to
bronchoconstriction.
4. Case Study: Nervous System
- A 72-year-old woman is having trouble with short-term
memory.
- Question : Which part of the brain is primarily involved
in forming new memories?
- A) Cerebellum
- B) Medulla Oblongata
- C) Hippocampus
- D) Amygdala
- Answer : C) Hippocampus
- Rationale : The hippocampus is critical for the
formation and retrieval of new memories.
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