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Gas Exchange / Exam 4 / NUR 112
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The concept of _______________ refers to how well the cells, tissues, and organs of the body
are supplied with oxygen. The concepts of respiration and ventilation are the two major
processes that occur in the pulmonary system to oxygenate the blood.
✓ oxygenation
Why can oxygen therapy cause nosebleeds?
✓ Because it drys out the nasal mucosa.
✓
✓ Interventions:
✓ - Humidifier
✓ - Nasal saline spray
Pulmonary System:
✓ 1.) *Airways and lungs*
✓ 2.) *Ventilation*- Movement of air into/out of the lungs
✓ 3.) *Respiration*
✓ - Exchange of oxygen/carbon dioxide
✓ - Alveolar capillary/capillary cell membrane
Which diagnostic test/exam would best measure a client's level of hypoxemia?
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A. Chest x-ray
B. Pulse oximeter reading
C. Arterial blood gas (ABG) sampling
D. Peak expiratory flow rate
✓ C. Arterial blood gas (ABG) sampling
✓ - The term "hypoxemia" means low blood oxygen level. Arterial blood gas sampling is the
most direct way in which the level of oxygen in the blood can be measured.
Factors That Affect Ventilation:
✓ - Respiratory rate and depth
✓ - Lung compliance
✓ - Lung elasticity (or elastic recoil)
✓ - Airway resistance
How fast you breathe. Variables include exercise, pain, medications, anxiety, LOC, & age.
✓ Respiratory Rate
Is how much your lungs expand to take in air. These processes affect oxygen and carbon
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