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Psych 230 EXAM-Questions with Correct Answers/ Verified
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Psych 230 EXAM-Questions with Correct Answers/ Verified
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Psych 230 EXAM-Questions with Correct Answers/ VerifiedBy comparing reaction times across different tasks, Donders was able to conclude how long
the mind needs to perform a certain cognitive task. Donders interpreted the difference in
reaction time between the simple and choice conditions of his experiment as indicating how
long it took to - ✔✔make a decision about the stimulus.
The first experiments in cognitive psychology were based on the idea that mental responses
can be - ✔✔inferred from the participant's behavior.
Ebbinghaus's "memory" experiments were important because they - ✔✔plotted functions
that described the operation of the mind.
The procedure in which trained participants describe their experiences and thought
processes in response to stimuli presented under controlled conditions is known as -
✔✔analytic introspection.
Which of the following is a criticism of analytic introspection? - ✔✔It produces variable
results from person to person.
Behaviorists believe that the presentation of_______ increases the frequency of behavior. -
✔✔positive reinforcers
Which of the following events is most closely associated with a resurgence in interest in the
mind within the study of psychology? - ✔✔Skinner's publication of the book, Verbal
Behavior
Who introduced the flow diagram to represent what is happening in the mind? - ✔✔Donald
Broadbent
Using behavior to infer mental processes is the basic principle of - ✔✔cognitive psychology.
Which of the following are the two primary categories of models in cognitive psychology? -
✔✔Structural models and process models
,The first formal laboratory of psychology was founded by _______ where the approach of
_________ was created. - ✔✔Wundt; structuralism
Dichotic listening occurs when - ✔✔different messages are presented to the left and right
ears.
Colin Cherry's experiment in which participants listened to two different messages, one
presented to each ear, found that people - ✔✔could focus on one message and ignore the
other one at the same time.
The "filter model" proposes that the filter identifies the attended message based on -
✔✔physical characteristics
In the filter model of attention, the stages of information processing occur in which order? -
✔✔Sensory store, filter, detector, short-term memory
Suppose twin teenagers are vying for their mother's attention. The mother is trying to pay
attention to one of her daughters, though both girls are talking (one about her boyfriend,
one about a school project). According to the operating characteristics of Treisman's
attenuator, it is most likely the attenuator is analyzing the incoming messages in terms of -
✔✔meaning
A high threshold in Treisman's model of attention implies that - ✔✔it takes a strong signal
to cause activation.
In support of late selection models, Donald MacKay showed that the presentation of a
biasing word on the unattended ear influenced participants' processing of ____ when they
were ____ of that word. - ✔✔ambiguous sentences; unaware
With the Stroop effect, you would expect to find longest response times when - ✔✔the
color and the name differed
, A bottom-up process is involved in fixating on an area of a scene that - ✔✔has high stimulus
salience
Eye tracking studies investigating attention as we carry out actions such as making a peanut
butter sandwich shows that a person's eye movements - ✔✔were determined primarily by
the task
The notion that faster responding occurs when enhancement spreads within an object is
called - ✔✔same-object advantage
According to your text, the ability to divide attention depends on all of the following EXCEPT
- ✔✔task cueing
In Schneider and Shiffrin's experiment, in which participants were asked to indicate whether
a target stimulus was present in a series of rapidly presented "frames," divided attention
was easier - ✔✔once processing had become automatic
Strayer and Johnston's (2001) experiment involving simulated driving and the use of "hands-
free" vs. "handheld" cell phones found that - ✔✔talking on either kind of phone impairs
driving performance significantly and to the same extent
During a visit to the local museum, you appreciate the incredible beauty of the paintings
displayed on the wall. Your ability to see the paintings as complete pictures rather than
individual, disconnected dots of color, texture, and location is because of a process called
_______. - ✔✔binding
Illusory conjunctions are - ✔✔combinations of features from different stimuli
A property of control processes in the modal model of memory is that they - ✔✔may differ
from one task to another
Imagine you are driving to a friend's new house. In your mind, you say the address
repeatedly until you arrive. Once you arrive, you stop thinking about the address and start
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