Pharmacology: Treatment of Infection Exam Questions With Correct Answers
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Course
Pharmacology
Institution
Pharmacology
Pharmacology: Treatment of Infection Exam
Questions With Correct Answers
A nurse needs to administer a cephalosporin to a patient. The patient informs the nurse that he is
allergic to penicillin. Which of the following actions is the nurse most likely to take in such a
situation? - answerInform...
Pharmacology: Treatment of Infection Exam
Questions With Correct Answers
A nurse needs to administer a cephalosporin to a patient. The patient informs the nurse that he is
allergic to penicillin. Which of the following actions is the nurse most likely to take in such a
situation? - answer✔Inform the primary health care provider.
Patients with a history of an allergy to penicillin may also be allergic to cephalosporin, so the
nurse needs to inform the primary health care provider before the first dose of the drug is given.
An antipyretic drug is administered when there is an increase in the body temperature of a patient
receiving cephalosporin. Liver and kidney function tests may be ordered by the primary health
care provider, not the nurse. Occupational history should be obtained before administration of
any drug, irrespective of the patient's allergies.
A client's prescription reads that the client should receive cefaclor 250 mg orally q 8 hr. The drug
is available in the form of a 125-mg tablet. How many tablets should the nurse administer in
order to meet the recommended dose and at what time intervals? - answer✔2 tablets every 8
hours
When discussing cephalosporins with the nursing class, the pharmacology instructor explains
that this classification of drug is primarily excreted through which organ? - answer✔Kidney
Cephalosporins are structurally and chemically related to which classes of antibiotics? -
answer✔Penicillins
Unless hemodialysis is started within 48 hours, imipenem is contraindicated for clients with
severe renal impairment. What laboratory measurement would indicate renal impairment? -
answer✔Creatinine clearance
Explanation:Dosage of imipenem should be reduced in most clients with renal impairment, and
the drug is contraindicated in clients with severe renal impairment (CrCl of 5 mL/min or less)
unless hemodialysis is started within 48 hours. For clients already on hemodialysis, the drug may
cause seizures and should be used very cautiously, if at all.
The nurse has administered the first dose of a client's newly-prescribed antibiotic. What
assessment finding should the nurse interpret as adverse effect that suggests a more serious
concern? - answer✔rash to the face and trunk
The nurse is caring for a 62-year-old who has orders to receive gentamicin . The client reports
difficulty hearing. What should the nurse do? - answer✔Hold the dose and notify the physician
immediately.
Explanation:Nurses should monitor patients for signs of aminoglycoside-induced ototoxicity.
Since there is a possibility of reversing the condition (or at least arresting it) by discontinuing or
reducing dosage of the drugs, the nurse should immediately contact the physician and hold the
dose until receiving additional guidance.
A client has been admitted to the critical care unit with a diagnosis of peritonitis that has
necessitated treatment with gentamicin. As a result, the care team should be cautious when
concurrently administering other medications that may cause which? - answer✔Because of the
potential for nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity that is associated with gentamicin, other medications
that may lead to these same adverse effects must be used with caution. Gentamicin does not
typically affect immune function,ICP, or hematopoiesis.The correct answer is: Ototoxicity or
nephrotoxicity
Your patient is receiving a multiple-dose regimen of an aminoglycoside. On what serum drug
levels will you base the patient's maintenance dose? - answer✔Peak and troughs
The client has been prescribed a drug that must be taken on an empty stomach. The nurse knows
that to administer a medication on an empty stomach, it is given in which way? - answer✔One
hour prior to a meal or two hour after the meal
Based on a physical assessment, the nurse suspects that a client was given tetracycline as a
young child. What physical characteristic led the nurse to this conclusion? - answer✔Tooth color
A client comes to the clinic with reports of dysuria and frequency. The nurse practitioner
suspects that the client is experiencing a UTI. Before instituting anti-infective therapy, which
laboratory testing would be most important? - answer✔urine culture and sensitivity
The nurse is giving discharge instructions to a woman who has been prescribed tetracycline and
also uses oral contraceptives. What is the most important instruction the nurse will give to this
client? - answer✔"You should use alternative means of contraception while you are taking
tetracycline."Tetracyclines decrease the effectiveness of oral contraceptives, so the client should
use alternative means of contraception while taking tetracycline.
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