Physics for Scientists & l l l
Engineers with Modern Physics
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(Volume 1) 5e (Global Edition)
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By Douglas C. Giancoli
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(Solutions Manual All Chapters,
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100% Original Verified, A+
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Grade) l
(Chapters 1-20) l
All Chapters Solutions Manual
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Supplement files download link
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attheendofthisfile. l l l l l l
,CONTENTS
Chapter 1: Introduction, Measurement, Estimating ....................................................... 1
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Chapter 2: Describing Motion: Kinematics in One Dimension ................................... 18
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Chapter 3: Kinematics in Two or Three Dimensions; Vectors ...................................... 56
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Chapter 4: Dynamics: Newton’s Laws of Motion......................................................... 96
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Chapter 5: Using Newton’s Laws: Friction, Circular Motion, Drag Forces ............... 134
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Chapter 6: Gravitation and Newton’s Synthesis ....................................................... 183
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Chapter 7: Work and Energy ..................................................................................... 218
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Chapter 8: Conservation of Energy ........................................................................... 247
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Chapter 9: Linear Momentum ................................................................................... 290
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Chapter 10: Rotational Motion ................................................................................ 332
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Chapter 11: Angular Momentum; General Rotation................................................. 373
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Chapter 12: Static Equilibrium; Elasticity and Fracture ........................................... 412
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Chapter 13: Fluids ................................................................................................... 456
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Chapter 14: Oscillations .......................................................................................... 490
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Chapter 15: Wave Motion........................................................................................ 528
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Chapter 16: Sound ................................................................................................... 560
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Chapter 17: Temperature, Thermal Expansion, and the Ideal Gas Law ..................... 592
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Chapter 18: Kinetic Theory of Gases ....................................................................... 620
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Chapter 19: Heat and the First Law of Thermodynamics .......................................... 647
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Chapter 20: Second Law of Thermodynamics.......................................................... 683
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,CHAPTER 1: Introduction, Measurement, Estimating l l l l
Responses to Questions
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1. (a) A particular person’s foot. Merits: reproducible. Drawbacks: not accessible to the general
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public; not invariable (could change size with age, time of day, etc.); not indestructible.
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(b) Any person’s foot. Merits: accessible. Drawbacks: not reproducible (different people havedifferent
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size feet); not invariable (could change size with age, time of day, etc.); not indestructible.
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Neither of these options would make a good standard.
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2. The distance in miles is given to one significant figure, and the distance in kilometers is given to five
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significant figures! The value in kilometers indicates more precision than really exists or than is
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meaningful. The last digit represents a distance on the same order of magnitude as a car’s length! The
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sign should perhaps read “7.0 mi (11 km),” where each value has the same number of significant
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figures, or “7 mi (11 km),” where each value has about the same % uncertainty.
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3. The number of digits you present in your answer should represent the precision with which you know a
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measurement; it says very little about the accuracy of the measurement. For example, if youmeasure the
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length of a table to great precision, but with a measuring instrument that is not calibrated correctly, you
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will not measure accurately. Accuracy is a measure of how close a measurement is to the true value.
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4. If you measure the length of an object and you report that it is “4,” you haven’t given enough
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information for your answer to be useful. There is a large difference between an object that is 4 meters
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long and one that is 4 km long. Units are necessary to give meaning to a numerical answer.
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5. You should report a result of 8.32 cm. Your measurement had three significant figures. When you
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multiply by 2, you are really multiplying by the integer 2, which is an exact value. The number of
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significant figures is determined by the measurement.
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6. The correct number of significant figures is three: sin 30.0º = 0.500.
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7. Useful assumptions include the population of the city, the fraction of people who own cars, the average
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number of visits to a mechanic that each car makes in a year, the average number of weeks amechanic
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works in a year, and the average number of cars each mechanic can see in a week.
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(a) There are about 800,000 people in San Francisco. Assume that half of them have cars. If each of
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these 400,000 cars needs servicing twice a year, then there are 800,000 visits to mechanics in a year.
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If mechanics typically work 50 weeks a year, then about 16,000 cars would need to be seen each
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week. Assume that on average, a mechanic can work on 4 cars per day, or 20 cars a week. The final
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estimate, then, is 800 car mechanics in San Francisco.
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(b) Answers will vary. But following the same reasoning, the estimate is 1/1000 of the population. l l l l l l l l l l l l l l
, Physics for Scientists & Engineers with Modern Physics, 5e, Global Edition Instructor Solutions Manual
Responses to MisConceptual Questions l l l
1. (c) As stated in the text, scientific laws are descriptive – they are meant to describe how nature behaves.
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Since our understanding of nature evolves, so do the laws of physics, when evidencecan convince
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the community of physicists. The laws of physics are not permanent, and are notsubject to
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political treaties. In fact, there have been major changes in the laws of physics since1900 –
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particularly due to relativity and quantum mechanics. The laws of physics apply in chemistry and
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other scientific fields, since those areas of study are based on physics. Finally, the laws of physics
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are man-made, not a part of nature. They are our “best description” of nature as we currently
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understand it. As stated in the text, “Laws are not lying there in nature, waiting to be discovered.”
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2. (e) The first product is 142.08 m, which is only accurate to the 10’s place, since 37 m/s has only two
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significant figures. The second product is 74.73 m, which is only accurate to the 1’s place, since 5.3
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s has only two significant figures. Thus the sum of the two terms can only be accurateto the 10’s
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place. 142.08 + 74.73 = 216.81, which to the 10’s place is 220 m.
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3. (a) The total number of digits present does not determine the precision, as the leading zeros in (c) and (d)
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are only place holders. Rewriting all the measurements in units of meters shows that (a)implies a
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precision of 0.0001m, (b) and (c) both imply a precision of 0.001 m, and (d) implies aprecision of
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0.01 m. Note that since the period is shown, the trailing zeros are significant. If allthe
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measurements are expressed in meters, (a) has 4 significant figures, (b) and (c) each have 3
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significant figures, and (d) has 2 significant figures.
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4. (b) The leading zeros are not significant. Rewriting this number in scientific notation, 7.810−3 ,
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shows that it only has two significant digits.
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5. (b) When you add or subtract numbers, the final answer should contain no more decimal places than
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the number with the fewest decimal places. Since 25.2 has one decimal place, the answermust be
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rounded to one decimal place, or to 26.6. Thus the answer has 3 significant figures.
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6. (b) The word “accuracy” is often misused. If a student repeats a measurement multiple times and
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obtains the same answer each time, it is often assumed to be accurate. In fact, students are
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frequently given an “ideal” number of times to repeat the experiment for “accuracy.” However,
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systematic errors may cause each measurement to be inaccurate. A poorly working instrument
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may also limit the accuracy of your measurement.
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7. (a) Quoting the textbook, “precision” refers to the repeatability of the measurement using a given
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instrument. Precision and accuracy are often confused. “Accuracy” is defined by answer (b).
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8. (d) This addresses misconceptions about squared units and about which factor should be in the
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numerator of the conversion. This error can be avoided by treating the units as algebraic
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symbols that must be cancelled out.
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9. (e) When making estimates, the estimator may frequently believe that their answers are more
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significant than they actually are. This question helps the estimator realize what an order-of-
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magnitude estimation is NOT supposed to accomplish.
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10. (d) This addresses the fact that the generic unit symbol, like [L], does not indicate a specific systemof
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units. l
