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Genetics 133 Final Exam with 100- correct answers 2025.
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Genetics 133 Final Exam with 100- correct answers 2025.
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Genetics 133 Final Exam with100% correct answers 2025
Adrenaline - answer The neurotransmitter that triggers "fight or flight"
responses in humans and animals
Annealing - answer The pairing of complementary DNA strands to form
double-stranded DNA. This also refers to formation of DNA-RNA or RNA-
RNA double-stranded helices
Bacteriophage (phage) - answer A virus that infects bacteria
Capsid - answer The outer shell of a virus. Transduction results from DNA
from an infected bacterial host being packaged within it
Complementary DNA (cDNA) - answer A DNA containing a gene's protein
coding sequence. Made by reverse transcription of mRNA
Circulating Tumor DNA - answer DNA released into a person's blood
stream by dying cancer cells
Clonal Selection - answer Selection for somatic cells that have gained a
heritable growth or survival advantage
Clone - answer All of the individuals derived by vegetable propagation
from a single original individual. In molecular biology, a population of
identical DNA molecules all carrying a particular DNA sequence
Cloning (gene) - answer The production of many copies of a gene or
specific DNA sequence
, Cloning Vector - answer The plasmid or phage DNA used to carry and
propagate the cloned DNA
Competence - answer The ability of bacteria to take up extracellular DNA
Complementary - answer Refers to the specific base pairing between
adenine and thymine, and between guanine and cytosine
Conjugation - answer The mating of two bacterial cells during which
chromosomal or plasmid DNA is transferred from the donor to the
recipient cell
Conjugative Plasmid - answer A plasmid that confers the ability to
conjugate (maleness)
Domestication - answer The process whereby a population of animals or
plants becomes accustomed to a human-controlled environment through
the process of artificial selection
Domestication Syndrome - answer A collection of common domesticated
phenotypes absent or less extreme in wild ancestors
Dosage Compensation - answer A process that equalizes X chromosomal
gene expression in males and females
Driver Mutation - answer A causal mutation in cancer progression
Embryonic Stem Cells - answer Pluripotent stem cells derived from the
inner cell mass of the early mammalian embryo. Can be grown in culture,
genetically modified and inserted into a blastocyst embryo to develop a
transgenic animal
Epigenetic - answer Refers to a heritable change in gene expression that
is not due to an altered DNA sequence
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