A group of positions similar in nature and level of skill that can be carried out by one or more
individuals
3. Occupation
Answer
A group of jobs similar in type of work that are usually found throughout an industry or work
environment
4. Profession
Answer
A type of occupation that requires prolonged preparation and formal qualifications and meets
certain higher level criteria that raise it to a level above that of an occupation
5. Professional
Answer
, A person who belongs to and practices a profession (The term professional is probably the most
misused of all these terms when describing people who are clearly involved in jobs or occupations,
such as a "professional truck driver," "professional football player," or even "professional thief.")
6. Professionalism
Answer
The demonstration of high-level personal, ethical, and skill characteristics of a member of a
profession
7. Process approach
Answer
Views all occupations as points of development into a profession situated along a continuum
ranging from position to profession.
8. Power approach
Answer
Uses two criteria to define a profession
1) How much independence of practice does this occupation have? And 2) How much power
does this occupation control? Using this determinant, law and politics would clearly be
considered professions
9. Identify the traits that define a profession
Answer
Approach, Power, and Trait
, 10. Trait approach
Answer
3 theorists (Abraham Flexner, Elizabeth Bixler, and Eliza Pabalko). They determined these
characteristics to be important
High intellectual level
High level of individual responsibility and accountability The specialized body of knowledge
The knowledge that can be learned in institutions of higher education Public service and
altruistic activities
Public service valued over financial gain
The relatively high degree of autonomy and independence of practice
Need for a well-organized and strong organization representing the members of the profession
and controlling the quality of practice
A code of ethics that guides members of the profession in their practice
Strong professional identity and commitment to the development of the profession
Demonstration of professional competency and possession of a legally recognized license
11. High Intellectual Level
Answer
as health care has advanced and made great strides in technology, pharmacology, and all
branches of the physical sciences, a high level
of intellectual functioning is required for even relatively simple nursing tasks, such as taking a
client's temperature or blood pressure using automated equipment.
12. High Level of Individual Responsibility and Accountability
Answer
Nurses are often the primary, and frequently the only, defendants named when errors are made
that result in injury to the client. Nurses must be accountable and demonstrate a high level of
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