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NR 601 MIDTERM EXAM LATEST PRIMARY CARE OF THE MATURING AND AGED FAMILY PRACTICUM ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) NEW UPDATED VERSION | GUARANTEED PASS A+ (CHAMBERLAIN UNIVERSITY)$11.99
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NR 601 MIDTERM EXAM LATEST PRIMARY CARE OF THE MATURING AND AGED FAMILY PRACTICUM ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) NEW UPDATED VERSION | GUARANTEED PASS A+ (CHAMBERLAIN UNIVERSITY)
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Course
NR 601
Institution
NR 601
NR 601 MIDTERM EXAM LATEST PRIMARY CARE
OF THE MATURING AND AGED FAMILY
PRACTICUM ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) NEW
UPDATED VERSION | GUARANTEED PASS A+
(CHAMBERLAIN UNIVERSITY)
What is emphysema? - answer -Characterized by obstruction to airflow caused...
NR 601 MIDTERM EXAM LATEST PRIMARY CARE
OF THE MATURING AND AGED FAMILY
PRACTICUM ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) NEW
UPDATED VERSION | GUARANTEED PASS A+
(CHAMBERLAIN UNIVERSITY)
What is emphysema? - answer -Characterized by obstruction to airflow caused by
abnormal airspace enlargement distal to terminal bronchioles.
Chronic inflammation/remodeling, trapping air, hindering effective O2/CO2
exchange (all due to inflammatory mediators infiltrating airways).
What are signal symptoms of ischemic heart dz? - answer -Chest pain
Chest tightness
Chest discomfort
What is ischemic heart dz? - answer -Imbalance between supply and demand for
blood flow to myocardium
What are signal symptoms of lung CA? - answer -Cough
Dyspnea
Wt loss
Anorexia
Hemoptysis
What is lung CA? - answer -Malignant neoplasm originating in parenchyma of
lung/airways
What are signal symptoms of MI? - answer -Prolonged CP (>20min duration)
SOB
Confusion
Weakness
,Worsening HF
What are PFTs? - answer -Group of tests that provide quantifiable measurement of
lung function, used to dx resp abnormalities or assess progression/resolution of
lung dz.
What is FEV1? - answer -Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (80-120%)
What is FVC? - answer -Forced Vital Capacity (80-120%)
What is normal FEV1/FVC ratio? - answer -<0.7 (70%)
What is GOLD 1 criteria? - answer -Mild
FEV1 >/= 80% predicted
What is GOLD 2 criteria? - answer -Moderate
FEV1 50-79% predicted
What is GOLD 3 criteria? - answer -Severe
FEV1 30-49% predicted
What is GOLD 4 criteria? - answer -Very severe
FEV1 <30% predicted
What are the signal symptoms of COPD? - answer -Dyspnea
Chronic cough w/sputum
Decreased activity tolerance
Wheezing
What are characteristics of COPD? - answer -Common, preventable, treatable.
Characterized by persistent airflow limitation.
Usually progressive, associated with enhanced chronic inflammatory response in
airways and lungs to noxious particles/gases
What are risk factors for COPD? - answer -Smoking (increasing w/number of
pack years)
Second hand smoke
Environmental pollution (endotoxins, coal dust, mineral dust)
What is seen on phys exam in COPD? - answer -May be normal in early states
As severity progresses: lung hyperinflation, decreased breath sounds, wheezes at
bases, distant heart tones (b/c of hyperinflation, so S1/S2 sounds off in distance),
accessory muscle use, pursed lip breathing, increased expiratory phase, neck vein
distention.
How is COPD diagnosed? - answer -Spirometry is gold standard (pre and post
bronchodilator).
Irreversible airflow limitation is hallmark.
How is COPD treated? - answer -Bronchodilators: beta agonists (long/short),
anticholinergics (long/short), or combo.
What is the MOA of beta agonists? - answer -Stimulates beta-2-adrenergic
receptors, increasing cyclic AMP, resulting in relaxing airways.
What is the MOA of anticholinergics? - answer -Block the effect of acetylcholine
on muscarinic type 3 receptors, resulting in bronchodilation.
Why are long-acting beta agonists prescribed for COPD? - answer -They are for
moderate airflow limitation.
, They relieve symptoms, increase exercise tolerance, reduce number of
exacerbations, improve QOL.
What are some non pulmonary diagnoses that result in COPD-type symptoms? -
answer -CHF
Hyperventilation syndrome
Panic attacks
Vocal cord dysfunction
Obstructive sleep apnea
Aspergillosis
Chronic fatigue syndrome
What are signal symptoms of asthma? - answer -Wheezing
Shortness of breath
Cough (esp at night)
Chest tightness
What is chronic bronchitis? - answer -Daily chronic cough w/increased sputum for
at least 3 consecutive months in at least 2 consecutive years.
Usually worse on wakening.
May or may not be associated with COPD.
What are the 3 primary physiological changes of aging? - answer -1. Reduced
physiological reserve of most body systems, esp. cardiac, resp, renal.
2. Reduced homeostatic mechanisms that fail to adjust regulatory systems (i.e.
temp control, fluid/lyte balance, etc.).
3. Impaired immunological function (infection risk is greater, autoimmune dz's
more prevalent)
What is the preferred amount of exercise for elderly? - answer -30min/day 5
days/wk of moderate exercise.
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