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Psychology 200 NOVA EXAM 1 Study Guide Questions and Answers.
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Psychology 200 NOVA EXAM 1 Study Guide Questions and Answers.
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Psychology 200 NOVA EXAM 1 Study GuideQuestions and Answers
Psychology - ANS ✔✔ - the scientific study of mind and behavior
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Mind - ANS ✔✔ - The private inner experience of perceptions, thoughts, memories, and feelings.
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Behavior - ANS ✔✔ - Observable actions of human beings and nonhuman animals.
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3 Key Questions in Psychology - ANS ✔✔ - How do we perceive the electrical and chemical activity in our brains as things like
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thoughts, feelings, and behavior?
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How do our minds respond to, and learn from, the world around us so quickly, and in ways that ensure our survival?
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What leads the mind to function so ineffectively in some people, such as in those who experience hallucinations, dramatic
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mood swings, or intense urges to end their own lives?
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Nativism - ANS ✔✔ - The philosophical view that certain kinds of knowledge are innate or inborn.
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Does Nativism reflect "Nature" or "Nurture"? - ANS ✔✔ - Nuture
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How did work with brain damaged patients help establish a mind- body connection? - ANS ✔✔ - When Paul Broca worked
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with a patient who had suffered damage to a small part of the left side of the brain the patient was virtually unable to speak
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yet was able to understand everything that was said and could communicate using gestures. Broca had the crucial insight
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that damage to a specific part of the brain impaired a specific mental function, clearly demonstrating that the mind and body
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are linked.
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Who is credited as being the founder of psychology including teaching its first course and opening its first lab in 1879? - ANS
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✔✔ - Wilhelm Wundt
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consciousness - ANS ✔✔ - A person's subjective experience of the world and the mind.
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How did Wundt study consciousness using stimuli and reaction time? - ANS ✔✔ - He would train his human participants to
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respond after he applied pressure. He would then use the time of the stimulus to the time reacted as his basis for how long
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nerve impulses took to reach the brain and respond.
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Structuralism - ANS ✔✔ - The analysis of the basic elements that constitute the mind.
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Introspection - ANS ✔✔ - The subjective observation of one's own experience. ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
What is the problem with using introspection as a research method? - ANS ✔✔ - People see things differently due to their
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own experiences so using this method for research would pose a problem since there would be no consistency.
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Functionalism - ANS ✔✔ - The study of how mental processes enable people to adapt to their environments.
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William James ideas on how consciousness should be studied? - ANS ✔✔ - He thought of consciousness like a flowing stream
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and to understand it, you needed to understand it in its entirety.
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Wundt's ideas on how consciousness should be studied? - ANS ✔✔ - He thought consciousness could be broken down into
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Charles Darwin's Theory (Natural Selection) - ANS ✔✔ - The features of an organism that help it survive and reproduce are
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more likely than other features to be passed on to subsequent generations.
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Hysteria - ANS ✔✔ - A temporary loss of cognitive or motor functions, usually as a result of emotionally upsetting
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experiences.
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Unconscious - ANS ✔✔ - The part of the mind that operates outside of conscious awareness but influences conscious
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thoughts, feelings, and actions.
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Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory - ANS ✔✔ - An approach that emphasizes the importance of unconscious mental processes in
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shaping feelings, thoughts, and behaviors.
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Psychoanalysis - ANS ✔✔ - A therapeutic approach that focuses on bringing unconscious material into conscious awareness to
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better understand psychological disorders.
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Criticism of Psychoanalysis - ANS ✔✔ - The Victorian Era thought it was "dirty". Nowadays we think its unscientific. People
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don't like it when You analyze them.
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Humanistic Psychology - ANS ✔✔ - An approach to understanding human nature that emphasizes the positive potential of
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human beings.
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The Founder(s) of Humanistic Psychology - ANS ✔✔ - Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers
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Behaviorism - ANS ✔✔ - An approach that advocates that psychologists restrict themselves to the scientific study of
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objectively observable behavior.
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S-R Psychology - ANS ✔✔ - A stimulus-response psychology.
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What psychologist is associated with behaviorism? - ANS ✔✔ - John Broadus Watson
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Criticisms of Behaviorism - ANS ✔✔ - This approach was 1 sided (dimensional) and doesn't account for Free Will.
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Gesalt Psychology - ANS ✔✔ - A psychological approach that emphasizes that we often perceive the whole rather than the
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sum of the parts.
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Cognitive Psychology - ANS ✔✔ - The scientific study of mental processes, including perception, thought, memory, and
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reasoning.
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What is behavioral Neuroscience? - ANS ✔✔ - An approach to psychology that links psychological processes to activities in
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the Nervous System and other bodily processes.
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Evolutionary Psychology - ANS ✔✔ - A psychological approach that explains mind and behavior in terms of the adaptive value
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of abilities that are preserved over time by natural selection.
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Social Psychology - ANS ✔✔ - The study of the cases and consequences of sociality.
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Cultural Psychology - ANS ✔✔ - The study of how cultures reflect and shape the psychological processes of their members.
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Empiricism - ANS ✔✔ - The belief that accurate knowledge can be acquired through observation.
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Scientific Method - ANS ✔✔ - A procedure for finding the truth using empirical evidence.
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Theory - ANS ✔✔ - A hypothetical explanation of a natural phenomenon.
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Hypothesis - ANS ✔✔ - A falsifiable prediction made by a theory. ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
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