NREMT Crash Course Questions And
Answers Well Illustrated.
White Paper - correct answer. In 1966, a paper titled "Accidental Death and
Disability: The Neglected Disease of Modern Society" is published by the National
Academy of Sciences. This paper, commonly referred to as ________ __________ is
considered the birth of modern EMS
American Heart Association - correct answer. In the 1980s, the ______ ______
________ increases the emphasis on cardiovascular disease prevention, science, and
education. Additional levels of training are added to the existing curriculum and despite
advances, the scope of practice for various levels lacks unity.
U.S. Department of Transportation - correct answer. In the 70s, this federal agency
developed the first EMT National Standard Curriculum including textbooks and
paramedic NSC
National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians; National Highway Transportation
Safety Administration - correct answer. In the 1990s, the _____ ____ ___ ___ ___
___ advocates for the creation of a national training curriculum and the _______ ___
____ ___ ___ begins work on the EMS Agenda for the Future
National EMS Education Standards (NEMSES) - correct answer. In the 2000s, the
NHTSA identifies universal knowledge and skills for EMS professionals through the new
_________ ________ ______ __________. This new curriculum replaces the National
Standard Curricula created by USDOT.
EMR - correct answer. CPR, AED, Oral airways, airway obstruction, manual airway
techniques, BVM ventilation, oxygen therapy, airway suctioning, manual BP, auto
injector, bleeding control, assisted childbirth
EMT - correct answer. EMR skills + humidified oxygen, venturi mask, automated
transport ventilators, nasal airways, pulse oximetry, auto BP, assisted medications,
spinal immobilization, splinting, tourniquet, MAST/PASG, mechanical CPR, assisted
complicated childbirth
,AEMT - correct answer. EMT skills + multilumen airways, blood glucose monitoring,
IV/IO insertion, medication administration
Paramedic - correct answer. AEMT skills + BiPap/CPAP, needle decompression,
percutaneous cricothyrotomy, ETCO2/capnography, NG/OG tube, intubation, direct
laryngoscopy, PEEP, ECG interpretation, manual defibrillation/cardioversion,
transcutaneous external pacing, extensive medication administration, thrombolytic
therapy
Scene safety - correct answer. What is an EMT's first priority ALWAYS?
Acute stress - correct answer. an immediate physiological and psychological
reaction to a specific event. The event triggers the body's fight or flight response
Delayed stress - correct answer. a stress reaction that develops after the stressful
event. It does not interfere with the EMT's ability to perform during the stressful event.
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is an example of ________ _______
Cumulative stress - correct answer. the result of exposure to stressful situations
over a prolonged period of time. This leads to burnout for many EMTs.
Critical Incident Stress Management (CISM) - correct answer. is a formalized
process to help emergency workers deal with stress
- diffusing sessions are held within 4 hours of the incident
- debriefing sessions are held 24 to 72 hours after the incident
Occupational Safety and Health Administration - correct answer. oversees
regulations concerning workplace safety, including infectious disease precautions
Minimum PPE - correct answer. Gloves and eye protection should be used during
any patient contact situation and are examples of...
Expanded PPE - correct answer. The use of disposable gown and mask for
significant contact with body fluids. Use a high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) mask or
a N-95 respirator for suspected airborne disease exposure, such as tuberculosis
not enter; emergency care - correct answer. Unless cleared by a hazmat specialist,
an EMT is expected to _____ ______ and not begin _______ ______ until patients
have been decontaminated or otherwise cleared by hazmat crews
not enter; safe distance - correct answer. When it comes to crime scenes, EMS
providers should ____ ______ a crime scene unless law enforcement has determined it
is safe. EMS providers may be advised to respond to the call but maintain a _____
_______ away until cleared by law enforcement. This is sometimes called "staging for
PD"
,highly reflective traffic safety vest - correct answer. In extrication situations, federal
law requires EMS workers wear approved _______ ______ ____ ____ ______ when
working on roadways, around traffic, or at an accident scene
Power lift - correct answer. A method of lifting where one keeps the object close to
the body, using the legs to lift and not the back (legs bent, back straight). Use a power
grip with palms UP and all fingers wrapped around the object.
Urgent move - correct answer. the patient has a potentially life-threatening injury or
illness and must be moved quickly for evaluation and transport
includes rapid extrication
Rapid extrication - correct answer. an urgent move used for patients in a motor
vehicle; it requires multiple rescuers and a long backboard. The patient is rotated onto a
backboard with manual cervical spine precautions and removed from the vehicle
Non-urgent moves - correct answer. used when there are no hazards and no life-
threatening conditions apparent.
includes direct ground lift, extremity lift, direct carry method, and draw sheet method
Log roll technique - correct answer. commonly used to place a patient on a
backboard or assess the posterior, can be done while maintaining manual cervical spine
precautions
should have at least 3 trained personnel
Stair-chair - correct answer. excellent for staircases, small elevators, etc. Does not
allow for manual cervical spine protection, CPR, or artificial ventilation
Backboard - correct answer. used primarily for cervical spine immobilization, allows
for CPR and artificial ventilation.
requires 4 people
scoop stretcher - correct answer. allows for easy positioning with minimal patient
movement. good for reducing patient discomfort during movement
rear - correct answer. when approaching a helicopter, never approach from the
left - correct answer. if the patient is pregnant and needs to be on a backboard, they
should be placed on the ___ side
, advance directives - correct answer. written instructions, signed by the patient,
specifying the patient's wishes regarding treatment and resuscitative efforts
includes DNRs and living wills
assault - correct answer. a person can be guilty of ______ even if another person
only perceived that they intended to inflict harm. Physical contact is not required to be
guilty of assault.
battery - correct answer. physically touching another person without their consent
negligence - correct answer. the most common reason EMS providers are sued
civilly
includes a breech of four core values:
- duty to act: the EMT had an obligation to respond and provide care
- breech of duty: the EMT failed to assess, treat, or transport patient according to the
standard of care.
- damage: the plaintiff experienced damage or injury recognized by the legal system as
worthy of compensation
- causation (proximate cause): the injury to the plaintiff was, at least in part, directly due
to the EMT's breech of duty
gross negligence - correct answer. exceeds simple negligence. It involves an
indifference to, and violation of, a legal responsibility.
- reckless patient care
- can result in civil or criminal charges
abandonment - correct answer. once care is initiated, EMS providers cannot
terminate care without the patient's consent. This is the termination of care without
transferring the patient to an equal or higher medical authority
continuity of care; billing; subpoena; crimes - correct answer. EMTs can release
patient information without consent when:
1) the information is necessary for ________ ___ ______
2) the information is necessary to facilitate ______ for services
3) the EMT has received a valid __________
4) reporting possible ________, abuse, assault, neglect, certain injuries, or
communicable diseases
obvious signs of death - correct answer. decomposition, rigor mortis, dependent
lividity, and decapitation are all _________ _______ ____ __________ and mean that
resuscitation is not necessary
