SOCS 185 TEST BANK MIDTERM UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Answers
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Course
SOCS 185
Institution
SOCS 185
SOCS 185 TEST BANK MIDTERM
UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and
CORRECT Answers
KARL MARX
what are the types of value? - CORRECT ANSWER- use value
exchange value
surplus value
what is use value? - CORRECT ANSWER- subjective, qualitative measure of some
human want or need (what a commodity is "...
SOCS 185 TEST BANK MIDTERM
UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and
CORRECT Answers
KARL MARX
what are the types of value? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- use value
exchange value
surplus value
what is use value? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- subjective, qualitative measure of some
human want or need (what a commodity is "used for")
what is exchange value? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- objective, quantitative measure of
value of a commodity (and what it is "exchanged for"), based upon quantity of labor required
to produce it
what is surplus value? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- value extracted by capital during
production process by not paying the workers the full value of their labor in terms of how
much value the added to the product through their work; using this "surplus labor time" as the
eventual source of profit.... IMAGINE a worker is paid 10 dollars an hour to work a machine
that gives the capitalist 40 dollars of work...-20 for costs so capitalist= 10 dollars of
SURPLUS VALUE... think added value
what is Socially Necessary Labor Time? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- the quantitative
measure of exchange value, determined by the average amount of labor it takes to produce a
certain commodity in a particular society
what are the two types of labor? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Concrete Useful Labor and
Abstract Labor
what is concrete useful labor? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- specific or skilled labor,
associated with production of use values
, what is abstract labor? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- general unskilled labor, associated with
production of exchange values or value
what is the exploitation of labor under capitalism? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Use of wage
labor to produce commodities by paying workers a wage rather than the full value added by
the workers to the product during the labor process
what is human labor vs. bee labor? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Human labor involves
creativity and imagination, even if result is poor
Bee labor involves instinctual repetition, often with beautiful results
what are the 4 social classes? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Bourgeoisie - owners of large
capitalist enterprises
Proletariat - modern working class, mainly in factories
Peasantry -- rural laboring class, in situation of serfdom under European feudalism
Aristocracy (Lords) -- large landowners, more dominant under precapitalist societies like
feudalism
what is historical materialism? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- a way of viewing society that
emphasizes material production, how we gain our economic sustenance as key to rest of our
social arrangements
what is idealism? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- the belief that ideas are the driving force of
change in human societies
what is dialectic? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- contradiction, clash, or "dialogue" between
two polar opposites. Can be between ideas and society, "ought" vs. "is," ideal vs. actual,
material vs. ideal, internal (mental) vs. external (physical), etc. Often the result of such a
clash is another clash.
what is subjective marxism vs objective marxism? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Subjective
Marxism: emphasizes human agency and human ability to intentionally alter the course of
history
Objective Marxism: emphasizes the ways in which capital has a "life of its own" and comes
to dominate people (think The Matrix)
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