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NUR 631 ( LATEST 2024 / 2025 ) EXAM 6 | GRADED A+ QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (SOLVED)
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NUR 631 ( LATEST 2024 / 2025 ) EXAM 6 | GRADED A+ QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (SOLVED)
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NUR 631 Exam 61. Transverse myelitis
Answer
usually partial, causing sensory impairment, weakness, and bladder dysfunction
(Examination abnormalities
quadriparesis, sensory level, position sense loss, spasticity, ankle clonus, positive Babinski
sign.)
Optic neuritis
usually unilateral, causing painful vision loss
(Examination abnormalities
relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD), decreased color vision (especially red desaturation),
decreased visual acuity.)
Brainstem syndrome
2. interstitial pneumonia
Answer
Honeycomb appearance
3. Name examples of Hematogenous pneumonia
Answer
sepsis spread to other sites. Endocarditis spread to another site in the lung.
4. Examples of cavitation pneumonia?
Answer
Fungal infections or TB or cancer
5. Bronchopneumonia Pneumonia characteristics
,Answer
more than 1 lobes of the lung
6. Atelectasis characteristics
Answer
Atelectasis of an entire lung = loss of volume of the affected lung.
Visceral and parietal pleura does NOT separate from each other.
There is a shift of the heart and hemidiaphragm toward the side of opacification (toward the side
of volume loss).
Air bronchograms may be present.
7. types of pneumonia
Answer
- Pneumonia is airspace disease and consolidation. The airspaces are filled with bacteria or
other microorganism and pus.
- Pneumonia is not associated with volume loss.
- Acute lobar pneumonia
- Bronchopneumonia (Lobular)
- Interstitial pneumonia
- Hematogenous spread
- Cavitation pneumonia
8. Kerley B lines on Xray signify.
Answer
Interstitial edema
9. patients with pulmonary edema would show what on Xray?
Answer
a batwing opac- ity.
,10. cardiogenic pulmonary edema characteristics
Answer
Mediastinal widening Pleural effusion
Cardiomegaly Peribronchial cuffing Kerley B lines
Opacities involving both the central and peripheral lungs Reduced lung volume
11. non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema characteristics
Answer
Cardiac size typically normal
Pulmonary opacities radiating centrally from the hila "Batwing" appearance
Air bronchograms
Lung volume normal or increased
12. what does a lateral view allow you to see?
Answer
- Allows you to see behind the heart and diaphragmatic dome;
- Usually used with a PA view to help establish a 3-dimensional position of organs or abnormal
densities;
13. PA
Answer
6 feet behind patient pt stands against the film
for stable, BLE TO FOLLOW DIRECTIONS AND TAKE A DEPP BREATH.
The Heart is closer to the xray machine
14. AP view
Answer
- pt that can't stand up., is sicker and unable to follow directions.
- the distance 4 feet away from the x-ray machine, would cause the heart to look larger and less
defined.
, 15. Lateral Decubitus Film
Answer
Patient lies on either the right or left side Radiograph is labeled according to the side that is
placed down (so left lateral decubitus means the pt's left side is down against the film).
Use this technique to evaluate pleural effusion or pneumothorax that is not easily observed in an
upright view.
16. Is The Patient Rotated?
Answer
- Rotation distorts the appearance of the heart and mediastinal structures
- To determine if the patient is rotated
The symmetric appearance of the clavicles (move towards the shoulder at the same angle on both
sides)
- Equal distance between medial edges of left and right clavicles and the trachea Spinous
processes are seen on the midline within the trachea.
17. Lung Volume Makes A Difference. Tell patient to inhale and hold breath.
Answer
-
Two films from the same patient. Notice the differences in the size of the heart and width of the
mediastinum
- More than 10 posterior ribs would indicate hyperinflation disease like emphysema, or COPD
- If the patient has less than 9, poor inspiratory effort, restrictive lung disease, pneumonia.
18. What should you see on x-ray that shows patient has a good inspiratory effort?
Answer
8-9 ribs is a good inspiratory effort.
19. which ribs are free floating?
Answer
11-12
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