Exam (elaborations)
NSG 122 FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING EXAM 4
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NSG 122 FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING EXAM 4
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NSG 122 FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING EXAM 44 Exercise Effects on the Body - Answers-1. Increased demand for oxygen to muscles
2. Systolic BP Increases
3. Respiratory Rate Increases
4. Heart Rate Increases
4 Things to Know About Body and Mobility Changes in the Patient - Answers-1.
Encourage self-care behaviors
2. Sensitivity to feelings about body and mobility
3. Be supportive and expect frustration
4. Encourage patient to correct behavior that may worsen progress
4 Things to Know When Getting Mobility & Exercise History - Answers-1. Endurance
2. Mobility issues
3. ADLs
4. Mental health mobility issue causing
4 Patient Positions to Relieve Pressure - Answers-1. Lateral (side lying)
2. Fowlers
3. Prone
4. Supine
Why is lateral position preferred for relieving pressure? - Answers-Comfortable position
for resting. Relives pressure on scapulae, sacrum, and heels and allows the legs and
feet to be comfortably flexed, support pillows are needed for correct positioning
Steps for Graduated Compression Stockings - Answers-1. Measurement of each leg
2. Assess each pedal pulse for circulation
3. Assess skin and neurovascular of each leg
4. Apply before patient gets out of Bed
5. Avoid massage of legs
Why do you avoid massaging the legs for graduated compression stockings? -
Answers-Do not massage the legs. If a clot is present, it may break away from the
vessel wall and circulate in the bloodstream.
Steps for Getting OOB for the 1st Time - Answers-1. Assist from lying to sitting with
dangle
2. Determine strength and readiness of patient to stand
3. Determine assistance needed-do not assume
4. Assess for numbness, tingling, dizziness, lightheaded
5. Teach patient to keep head up and eyes forward
Fibrous Joints - Answers-Immoveable
Skull sutures
, Cartilaginous Joints - Answers-Slightly moveable Between vertebrae
Synovial Joints - Answers-Freely Moveable, Ball-in-socket joints, gliding joint, hinge joint
(ankle, knee), pivot joints
Flexion - Answers-the state of being bent, chin to chest
Extension - Answers-The state of being in a straight line, head to sky
Abduction - Answers-movement away from the body
Adduction - Answers-Movement towards middle of the body
4 Im portant Parts to Maintain Body Alignment - Answers-1. Skeletal
2. Muscular
3. Nervous system
4. Joints and tendons
Isotonic Exercise: - Answers-involves muscle shortening and active movement.
Examples include carrying out ADLs, independently performing range-of-motion
exercises, and swimming, walking, jogging, and bicycling
Potential Benefits of Isotonic Exercise: - Answers-increased muscle mass, tone, and
strength; improved joint mobility; increased cardiac and respiratory function; increased
circulation; and increased osteoblastic or bone-building activity.
Potential Benefits of Isometric Exercise: - Answers-increased muscle mass, tone, and
strength; increased circulation to the exercised body part; and increased osteoblastic
activity.
Isometric Exercise - Answers-muscle contraction without shortening (i.e., there is no
movement or only a minimum shortening of muscle fibers). Examples include
contractions of the quadriceps and gluteal muscles, such as what occurs when holding
a Yoga pose.
Endurance Definition - Answers-how much and what type of activity makes patient tired
Hemiparesis - Answers-weakness on one side of the body
Paraplegia - Answers-paralysis from the waist down
Hypertonicity - Answers-Spasticity, increased, muscle tone that interferes with
movement
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