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bio 669 quiz 1|160 Complete Q’s and A’s
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bio 669 quiz 1|160 Complete Q’s and A’swater makes up ____% in men - -60%
- water makes up ____% in women - -50%
- made up of 2/3 (40%) of water - -intracellular
- made up of 1/3 (20%) of water - -extracellular
- what two things make up extracellular fluid? - -Intravascular and
interstitial
- what % of intravascular is in the extracellular? - -25%
- what % of interstitial is in the extracellular? - -75%
- who has more water, men or women? - -men
- who has more water, elderly or pediatric? - -pediatric
- why does total body water decrease as we age? - -decreased free fat and
muscle mass
renal decline
diminished thirst perception
- Starling forces - -forces affecting movement of fluid between cells and
spaces
- net filtration - -forces favoring filtration minus forces opposing filtration
- Osmolarity - -concentration of osmotically active particles in a solution
- isosmotic - -solutions with the same concentrations of solute particles
(osmolarity)
- hyposomotic - -solution with lower osmotic pressure. lower outside
- hyperosmotic - -solution with higher osmolarity. higher inside.
- isotonic - -two solutions with the same osmotic pressure
- Hypotonic - -when comparing two solutions, the solution with the lesser
concentration of solutes within the cell
, - Hypertonic - -when comparing two solutions, the solution with the greater
concentration of solutes within the cell
- Forces favoring filtration - -Capillary hydrostatic pressure (blood pressure)
and interstitial oncotic pressure (water-pulling)
- Forces favoring reabsorption - -Plasma (capillary) oncotic pressure (water-
pulling)
Interstitial hydrostatic pressure
- edema - -accumulation of fluid within the interstitial spaces
- causes of edema - -increased capillary hydrostatic pressure (increased
BP),
decrease of plasma oncotic pressure,
obstruction of lymphatic circulation,
increased capillary permeability
- What is ascites? - -accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity
- example of increased capillary hydrostatic pressure - -venous obstruction,
salt and water retention, heart failure, renal failure
- what does increased capillary hydrostatic pressure cause? - -forces fluid
into tissues
- causes of decreased capillary (plasma) oncotic pressure - -decreased
plasma albumin
-decreased synthesis of plasma proteins (cirrhosis, malnutrition)
-increased loss of plasma proteins (nephrotic syndrome)
increased Na+ and H2O retention (dilution of plasma proteins)
- what does lymph obstruction cause? - -fluid movement into the tissues
decreased transport of capillary filtered protein ( thus increasing tissue
oncotic pressure)
- what are examples of increased capillary permeability? - -burns and
inflammation
- what does increased capillary permeability do? - -proteins escape= loss of
plasma proteins to interstitial space (thus increasing tissue oncotic pressure
and decreased capillary oncotic pressure)
- papilledema - -swelling and inflammation of the optic nerve at the point of
entrance into the eye through the optic disk
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