IB 150 Final Exam Questions and
Answers 100% Pass
How do competitive and non-competitive inhibitors affect enzyme activity?
Competitive inhibitors block the active site of an enzyme, while non-competitive inhibitors
bind to an enzyme elsewhere, reducing its activity regardless of substrate ...
IB 150 Final Exam Questions and
Answers 100% Pass
How do competitive and non-competitive inhibitors affect enzyme activity?
✔✔Competitive inhibitors block the active site of an enzyme, while non-competitive inhibitors
bind to an enzyme elsewhere, reducing its activity regardless of substrate concentration.
What adaptations allow desert plants to conserve water?
✔✔Desert plants have adaptations like thick cuticles, deep root systems, and specialized leaves
to minimize water loss and store moisture.
What is the significance of the nitrogen cycle in ecosystems?
✔✔The nitrogen cycle is crucial for converting nitrogen into forms that plants can absorb, thus
supporting the growth of all living organisms.
How do organisms achieve homeostasis in fluctuating environments?
✔✔Organisms achieve homeostasis through feedback mechanisms that regulate internal
conditions, such as temperature, pH, and hydration levels.
1
,How does the process of natural selection drive evolution?
✔✔Natural selection drives evolution by favoring individuals with traits that enhance survival
and reproduction, leading to those traits becoming more common in the population.
What is the role of lipid bilayers in cell membranes?
✔✔Lipid bilayers form the structural foundation of cell membranes, providing a barrier that
separates the internal environment from the outside.
How do organisms respond to environmental stimuli?
✔✔Organisms respond to environmental stimuli through various mechanisms, such as
movement, secretion of substances, or changes in metabolic activity.
What are the basic building blocks of proteins?
✔✔The basic building blocks of proteins are amino acids, which are linked together by peptide
bonds to form polypeptides.
How does the process of fermentation differ from cellular respiration?
2
,✔✔Fermentation occurs in the absence of oxygen and results in the production of energy along
with byproducts like ethanol or lactic acid, while cellular respiration requires oxygen and
produces carbon dioxide and water.
What is the purpose of meiosis in sexually reproducing organisms?
✔✔Meiosis reduces the chromosome number by half, producing gametes that ensure genetic
diversity in offspring during fertilization.
How does the structure of a virus differ from that of a bacterial cell?
✔✔Viruses consist of a nucleic acid core surrounded by a protein coat and cannot reproduce on
their own, while bacterial cells are living organisms with a complete cellular structure.
What is the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?
✔✔The rough endoplasmic reticulum synthesizes and processes proteins destined for secretion
or for use in membranes, thanks to its ribosome-studded surface.
How do antibiotics work to combat bacterial infections?
✔✔Antibiotics work by targeting specific bacterial functions, such as cell wall synthesis or
protein production, without harming human cells.
3
, What is the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis?
✔✔Chlorophyll absorbs sunlight and converts it into chemical energy during photosynthesis,
allowing plants to produce glucose and oxygen.
How do ecosystems recover from disturbances?
✔✔Ecosystems recover from disturbances through processes like succession, where new species
colonize and gradually restore balance over time.
What is the primary function of the hypothalamus in the endocrine system?
✔✔The hypothalamus regulates the endocrine system by controlling hormone release from the
pituitary gland and maintaining homeostasis.
Which of the following molecules would you least expect to be produced inside a
mitochondrion? ✔✔Glucose
Most of life's endergonic reactions are powered by the hydrolysis of ATP to ADP and Pi. In
order to replenish the supply of ATP, living organisms continually produce more ATP by
combining the inorganic phosphate group (Pi) with ADP again, which is a very endergonic
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