C182 WGU, WGU C182 Introduction to IT
UPDATE VERSION 2024 ACCURATE
QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS
GUARANTEED PASS
What is the goal of a Business Intelligence (BI) system?
- ANSWER To help support management in their strategic decision-making process.
True or false: Business Intelligence systems integrate information from various systems
into one location –
ANSWER True. External and internal information about the company, its competitors,
its employees, and many other factors are used when creating a BI system.
True or False: Business Intelligence systems improve the quality of information obtained
through multiple database systems.
- ANSWER True. A BI system takes the raw information from other systems and
reorganizes it in a more useful and applicable way to the decision makers.
True or False: Business intelligence systems help organizations make short-term
operational decisions.
- ANSWER False. The information presented by a BI system aids in making large,
impactful company choices, rather than simpler operational decisions.
True or false: Business intelligence systems are best used for resource management. -
ANSWER False. BI systems are best used to make strategic decisions, like whether or
not a company should expand.
Data Warehouse - ANSWER A collection of organized databases.
What is the ETL process?
- ANSWER Extract, Transform, Load process; takes about 70% of the time in building
the DW.
Describe the "E" in the ETL process - ANSWER Extract Data - the data comes from
various sources. These sources must be identified and understood.
Describe the "T" in the ETL process
- ANSWER Transform Data - given that the data come from different sources, it is likely
that the data are not organized using the same collection of attributes. Therefore, the
data must be transformed to fit the model(s) of the data warehouse. This will include
altering data relations or objects (or whichever format is preferred), recognizing the
unique identifier(s), and selecting the appropriate attributes (fields).
,Describe the "L" in the ETL process
- ANSWER Load Data - into the storage facility, that is, the transformed data must be
stored in the data warehouse using the appropriate representation format.
For a business, the data for the data warehouse might come from any number of
sources. These sources include
: - ANSWER - Enterprise resource planning systems
- Supply chain management systems
- Marketing and public relations reports
- Sales records
- Purchasing and inventory records
- Direct input from customers (e.g., input from a web form or a survey)
- Human relations records
- Budget planning
- Ongoing project reports
- General accounting data
What is an OLTP system?
- ANSWER An Online Transaction Processing system captures business transactions
and stores them in databases which can then be processed via queries to support
decision making.
What is OLAP?
- ANSWER *Online Analytical Processing*
- describes the *functionality for spectral manipulation and analysis of huge volumes of
complex data*
What is OLDP?
- ANSWER Online Data Processing - operates with data in real time, aka a "live"
database. Used by systems that require data to be processed immediately in real-time.
Ex: booking an airline ticket, playing World of Warcraft
What is event-driven processing?
- ANSWER Uses business events, such as submitting an order to a vendor, receiving
goods, or creating new employee records to trigger messages to be sen by middleware
between software modules that are completely independent of one another.
In EDA, each event is handled individually as it appears; the business unit experiencing
the event "pushes" the event to the recipient, providing the recipient with immediate
relevant business events; these events are "pushed" simultaneously to all interested
parties (i.e., purchasing, receiving, manufacturing, sales and the customer).
What is Batch Processing?
- ANSWER Batch Processing processes transactions in batches or groups and
updated only periodically (daily,monthly, etc.= Generally slower information.
,What are ways applications interact with databases - ANSWER - Through database
query language SQL
- Open Database Connectivity (ODBC)
- Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) driver (for applications written in Java)
How does an ODBC compliant application interact with databases?
- ANSWER Through an ODBC driver that translates functions in the application to
queries in the database.
Software applications today do not store data needed for the application. What are the
benefits of this?
- ANSWER - A reduction in redundant data (since the individual applications that might
use the same data do not have to maintain their own data)
- Integration across business functional areas (i.e., marketing does not "own" their
marketing data separate from the manufacturing department),
- Applications can be modified without the need to modify where or how the data is
stored
- Changes can be made to the data without the need to re-write the software
application.
True or False: Applications are independent of databases
- ANSWER True. They are independent of one another.
True or false: Applications store data in their own files. –
ANSWER False. Databases store data, not applications.
True or False: Application object and classes usually reflect the database structure. -
ANSWER True. Reflecting the structure of the database facilitates the interaction
between the application and database.
True or False: One database can only support one application.
- ANSWER False. One database can support multiple applications.
What is SQL - ANSWER A standard query language that is used to communicate in
many DBMSs.
What is the format for SQL when interacting with the data contained within a database?
- ANSWER SELECT fields FROM tables WHERE fields from tables match criteria;
SELECT (SQL) - ANSWER used to inform the DBMS what fields or attributes are of
interest (and where they are located, i.e., which table relation they can be found in).
, From (SQL)
- ANSWER Used to inform the DBMS what tables are to be interrogated by the query
and, if more than one table contains the data of interest, how they are to be combined
or joined.
Where (SQL) - ANSWER Used to inform the DBMS of the specific criteria the data
should match to be returned as the output of the query.
Assembler vs. Compiler vs. Interpreter - ANSWER - All of them are translators
- Assemblers translate from assembly language to machine language
- Compilers translate from compiled languages to machine language
- Interpreters translate from scripting languages to machine language
- Compilers accept the whole program. Translate the whole program and produce an
equivalent machine language program
- Interpreters translate on the fly and everytime you run the program, you need to
translate
Examples of Compiled Languages
- ANSWER Pascal, COBOL, Fortran, C, C++, Java, Ada
Examples of Scripting Languages - ANSWER Javascript, ASP, JSP, Perl, TLC, PHP
Is Python a scripting or compiling language
- ANSWER Python is both a scripting and compiling language.
For what scenario would you use a scripting language over a compiled language? -
ANSWER If the program that is being written is simple or doesn't have a long lifespan.
Difference between routers and switches –
ANSWER Routers:
- Connect devices within WANs
- Use IP addresses to connect devices
Switches
- Connect devices within LANs
- Use MAC addresses to connect devices.
Difference between Switches and Hubs
- ANSWER Switches:
- Smart Devices
- Connect two devices one-to-one
Hubs:
- Not so smart devices
- Connect devices by broadcasting
