C176 WGU EXAM FINAL TEST
QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANWERS
STUDYING MATERIAL LATEST UPDATE
2024-2025.
Crashing
- ANSWER technique that looks at cost and schedule trade-offs. typically implemented
by adding more resources to the critical path tasks in order to complete the project more
quickly. can also be accomplished by requiring mandatory overtime for those team
members working on critical path tasks or by speeding up delivery times from team
members, vendors and so on.
project-scheduling software
- ANSWER automatically calculate task durations, determine the critical path, and help
you balance resources. provides the ability to display a number of different views of the
project. also allows you to save a baseline schedule for historical reference.
schedule baseline
- ANSWER the final, approved version of the project schedule that includes the
baseline start and finish dates and resource assignments. used throughout the project
to monitor progress.
quality gates
- ANSWER in the project schedule are similar to milestones. used to determine quality
checks at strategic points in the project and ensure that the work is accurate and meets
quality standards. usually pertain to the product or service and can be used repeatedly
on multiple projects
governance gates
- ANSWER used as approval points in the project. on large projects, also be used as
additional approval checkpoints or go/no-go decision points during the project. three
types: client sign-off, management approval, and legislative approval.
interproject dependencies
- ANSWER occur when you need the completed deliverables from one project in order
to work on the current project. one project must complete its deliverables before another
project can begin.
Organization Breakdown Structure (OBS)
- ANSWER shows the departments, work units or teams w/in an organization (rather
than individuals) and their respective work packages.
Resource Breakdown Structure (RBS)
,- ANSWER another type of hierarchical chart that breaks down the work of the project
according to the types of resources needed.
responsibility assignment matrix (RAM)
- ANSWER matrix-based chart that maps your WBS elements to the required
resources.
RACI chart - ANSWER used to show the types of resources and the responsibility they
each have on the project. usually depicted as a chart w/ resource names (or individual
team members name) listed in each row and work elements such as milestones or work
packages listed as the columns. indicators in the intersections show where the
resources are needed. matrix-based chart that shows the resource role and
responsibility level for the work product.
RACI stands for:
- ANSWER 1. R - responsible for performing the work
2. A - accountable, the one who is responsible for producing the deliverable or work
package and approves or signs off on the work
3. C - consulted, someone who has input to the work or decisions
4. I - informed, someone who must be informed of the decisions or results
roles and responsibilities document
- ANSWER lists each group or individual team member on the project and their
responsibilities.
5 stages of team development: -
ANSWER 1. forming - beginning stage, when all members are brought together,
introduced, and told the objectives of the project.
2. storming - where action begins. team members begin vying for position and control.
3. norming - things begin to calm down. team members are comfortable with their
positions in the team, decisions made jointly, exhibit mutual respect
4. performing - where great teams end up. where the team is productive and effective.
5. adjourning - breaking up the team after the work is complete
team building
- ANSWER set of activities or exercises designed to get a diverse group of people to
work together in an efficient and effective manner.
important areas of focus as you prepare to discuss performance with your team
members include: - ANSWER 1. specifying performance expectations
2. identifying inadequate performance behaviors
3. rewarding superior performance
4. reprimanding inadequate performance
5. providing specific consequences for choices made
expectations-setting meeting - ANSWER discuss with team members:
,1. their role on the project
2. due dates
3. performance expectations
4. team interactions
5. industry standards and regulations that must be followed
6. PM expectations for their work quality
7. best way to contact PM
Smoothing
- ANSWER temporary way to resolve conflict. the areas of agreement are emphasized
over the areas of difference so the real issue stays buried. example of a lose-lose
conflict resolution technique
forcing
- ANSWER one person forces a solution on the other parties. example of win-lose
conflict resolution technique.
Compromising
- ANSWER achieved when each of the parties involved in the conflict gives up
something to reach a solution.
confronting aka problem-solving
- ANSWER best way to resolve conflict. go on a fact finding mission. once the facts are
uncovered, they're presented to the parties, and the decision will be clear. example of
win-win conflict resolution
avoiding aka withdrawal
- ANSWER never results in resolution. occurs when one of the parties gets up and
leaves and refuses to discuss the conflict. example of lose-lose conflict resolution.
negotiating –
ANSWER involves both parties communicating, listening and asking questions.
sometimes uses a third party who has no vested interest in the outcome and is neutral
regarding the solutions. negotiating can be a win-win, win-lose or lose-lose technique
depending on how the negotiations are conducted and on the outcome
key components of a kickoff meeting - ANSWER 1. welcome
2. introductions
3. project sponsor and key stakeholders
4. project overview
5. stake holder expectations
6. role and responsibilities
7. Q&A
definition of resources
, - ANSWER resources can be human or physical resources. they are used to complete
the work of the project. include these categories: shared, dedicated, low-quality, in-
house, benched and remote resources
resource allocation
- ANSWER identifying resource availability and skill sets and assigning them to project
tasks
resource overallocation
- ANSWER occurs when resources are assigned too many tasks within a given time
frame
resource shortage
- ANSWER occurs when there are not enough resources with the required skills or
abilities to complete the tasks
interproject resource contention
- ANSWER occurs when resources are assigned to more than one project resulting in
timing and availability conflict
team trusting - ANSWER involves building trust with the project manager and among
team members. accomplished by being true to your word and having the team's best
interests at heart
project kickoff meeting
- ANSWER purpose is to formally introduce all project team members, review the goals
and the deliverables for the project, discuss roles and responsibilities, and to review
stakeholder expectations.
analogous/top-down estimating/order-of-magnitude estimate
- ANSWER approximates the cost of the project at a high level by using a similar past
project as a basis for the estimate. uses historical data from past projects along with
expert judgment to create a big-picture estimate. may be done for the project as a whole
or for selected phases or deliverables. not typically used to estimate individual work
packages . these are the least accurate of all the estimating techniques but also the
least costly.
parametric estimating
- ANSWER uses a mathematical model to compute costs, and it most often uses the
quantity of work multiplied by the rate. commercial parametric modeling packages are
available for complex projects or those performed within specialized industries. is
dependent on the accuracy of the data used to create the model. multiplying quantity
times the rate.
bottom-up estimating
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