ACS BIOCHEMISTRY EXAM Questions and Correct Answers the Latest Update
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Course
ACS
Institution
ACS
Henderson-Hasselbach Equation
pH = pKa + log ([A-] / [HA])
FMOC Chemical Synthesis
Used in synthesis of a growing amino acid chain to a polystyrene bead. FMOC is
used as a protecting group on the N-terminus.
Salting Out (Purification)
Changes soluble protein to solid precipitate. Protein ...
✓ mostly alpha shape, allows water to move very quickly compared to diffusion
carrier protein facilitated transport
✓ very slow, inefficient but allows mucho control
Active Transport
✓ moves stuff from low to high concentration gradient
Active transport mechanism
✓ 1.3 Na bind 2. Mg 2+ binds to ATP limiting free rotation of the beta and gamma
phosphates increasing the electrophilicity of the gamma phosphate 3. ATP binds,
opening the pump to the outside of the cell, releasing sodium, closes sodium binding
site 4. structural rearrangement-close Na+, open K+ 5. Structural Change, Allows
Phosphate to be hydrolyzed.
✓ 1.Builds DNA and RNA 2. biological energy 3. cellular messaging, secondary
messages 4. building blocks for coenzymes 6. alllosteric affector
nucleic acid stability and bioenergetics
✓ the natured state is energetically favored because the hydrogen bonds hold the bases
together adding osmolarity, and the base rings do pi stacking, causing a van der waals
induced dipole, also allows dna to exist with the phosphates spaced enough to
minimize electrostatic repulsions.
DNA absorbs strongly at 260 nm
✓ ...
Hypochromism
✓ -less light is absorbed when the DNA/Protein is folded
✓ -as proteins unfold, the side chains can absorb the light better
The concentration of G and C changes with each genus,
✓ the Tm can aid in identifying unknown bacterial species
DNA replication
✓ occurs a lot in the skin, GI and marrow but not much in other places
✓ synthesizes RNA primers necessary to the chemistry of replication
single stranded binding proteins (ssbp)
✓ stabilize the single strand by blocking hydrogen bonding. small cationic proteins that
stabilize the negatively charged phosphate back bone
✓ stop DNA from rewinding
DNA replicase
✓ enzyme that produces DNA chains
Ligase
✓ links okazaki fragments
proof reading enzymes
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