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SCN1111 EXAM QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED DETAILED ANSWERS
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SCN1111 EXAM QUESTIONS AND VERIFIEDDETAILED ANSWERS
Homeostasis - Answer The maintenance of stable, constant conditions in the body,
despite changes in the environment.
it is like a control centre (thermotat)
bodily fluid compartments - Answer cellz and tissues have membranes that keep fluid
seperate
eg plasma, intestionial fluid, total body waste
Homeostasis at the cellular level - Answer cells need a stable environment to maintain
normal function
-exchange b
fluid balance
Homeostasis at the local level - Answer imumune system
wound healing
blood clotting
regulation of homeostasis - Answer regulation occurs via negetative feedback pathways
promotes normal function
essential components - Answer sensor- identify incoming info called stimulus
control centre- something that makes sense of the stimulus
,usually involves the central nervous system.
effector-the control centre will spit out a response to the effector which will bring about
an effect to whatever was sensed in the beginning.
Homeostasis control - Answer 1. stimulus- produces change in variable
2. Receptor- detects change
3.imput- info sent along afferent pathway to control centre
4.output info-sent along effector pathway to effector
5.response- of the effector feeds back to reduce the effects of stimulus
Examples of negative feedback loops Ans carbon dioxide is an acidic gas, cant have
too much in body
eg increased sodium
blood pressure
.
Disturbances of homeostasis Ans lead to disorders ad disease
Positive feedback mechanism - Ans stimulate change in body rather than help maintain
homeostasis
e.g secretion of oxytocin during labour
Negative feedback mechanisms - Ans -process that helps maintain homeostasis
-provide an inhibitory effect toward disturbance that occurs e.g. excessive swearting
, homeostatic control mechanisms - ANSWER All the body's organs and systems are part
of the homestatic control mechanism
which systems help to seperate the internal environment from the external? - ANSWER
Integumentary
signal travelling toward a particular ceter or point of Reference - ANSWER Afferent
As fully as possible, describe properties of the cell membrane and how intracellular and
extracellular fluids are kept separate. It is the outer border of the cell. Acts like a
fence-keeps things in and out; stops too much water going in and out of cell. Controls
composition of intracellular space. Involved in cell recognition, maintenance of cell
shape, mobility. Very fluid-like due to lipid bilayer.
HYDROPHILIC- water loving (in and out of the cells are mainly water based
HYDROPHOBIC- water hating
cellular metabolism - Answer rate at which the chemical reaction happens within cells
Cells: Excretion - Answer can move substances outside themselves
cells reproduce - Answer they get old and die so need to make copies of themselves to
maintain the supply in the body
Cellular components - Answer organelles- little organs
-responsible for inracellular fluid
cytoplasm- Aqueous solution that fills the cell
*The intracellular fluid
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