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Mastering Biology Final Exam Questions and Answers 2024
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Mastering Biology Final Exam
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Mastering Biology Final ExamFalsifiable - answer data can be collected that will support or reject the hypothesis
Proximate explanation - answer an explanation that provides the cause closest to, or
immediately responsible for the results
Ultimate explanation - answer an explanation that provides a higher-level cause, which
is often considered the "real" reason for an event
Kinesis - answer random movement that is not oriented in a certain way with regard to
stimulus
Taxis - answer movement toward or away from a stimulus
Why might the cell theory actually be a law? - answer the majority of principles in the
modern cell theory are accepted as fact among the scientific community but with
nothing to prove this theory is incorrect is potential for it to become a law
Endosymbiotic theory - answer mitochondria and chloroplasts originated as prokaryotic
cells engulfed by an ancestral eukaryotic cell. The engulfed cell and its host cell then
evolved into a single organism
3 domains - answer archaea, bacteria, and eukarya
Which domains contain organisms that are prokaryotic? - answer bacteria and archaea
Which domains contain organisms that are eukaryotic? – answer eukarya
Which domains are the most closely related to each other? – answer eukarya and
archaea
Cell structure that may be present in plant cells but never in animal cells - answer cell
walls, chloroplasts, and large central vacuoles
How are plant and fungi cells similar and different? - answer they both have cell walls,
but the walls of plant cells are made of cellulose
How are animal and fungi cells similar and different? - answer they are both eukaryotic
but animal cells don't have a cell wall
, Which two are more closely related out of plants, animals, and fungi? - answerfungi and
animal cells because of the absence of chloroplasts and the presence of chitin
Function of the cell wall in plants - answergives the plant shape and acts as a gate
keeper because it determines what can enter and leave a cell
Cell theory - answer-all organisms are composed of cells
-cells are the basic living, functioning units of all organisms
-all cells come from preexisting cells
All cell have these basic structures - answergenetic material, cytoplasm, outer plasma
membrane, and ribosomes
Methyl blue stains - answernegatively charged particles in the cell such as DNA, RNA,
and phospholipids
Iodine stains - answerstarch
Shape of the coccus bacteria - answerspherical
Shape of the bacillus bacteria - answerrod shaped
Shape of the spirillum bacteria - answerspiral shaped
Function of amyloplasts (leucoplasts) in a potato cell - answerstarch storage
Function of the cell membrane in a cell - answerpartitions the cell into specialized
compartments
Why do phospholipids automatically form a double layer of molecules (phospholipid
bilayer) when placed in water? - answerphospholipids have hydrophilic heads and
hydrophobic tails. They form the bilayer, exposing the heads in order to keep the
hydrophobic tails from the water
How do particles that have difficulty moving through the phospholipid bilayer get through
the cell membrane? - answerthrough the use of transport proteins
Difference between passive and active transport? - answerpassive does not require
energy, active transport does require energy
How does a temperature stressor affect the cell membrane? - answerdenatures the
proteins in the cell membrane, causing the membrane to break and the cell to burst
How does a chemical stressor affect the cell membrane? - answermay dissolve the
lipids or proteins in the membrane, breaking it down and causing the cell to burst
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