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mastering biology chapter 1-3 questions and answers 2024
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mastering biology chapter 1-3
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mastering biology chapter 1-3DNA is composed of building blocks called _____. - answer nucleotides
In eukaryotic cells DNA has the appearance of a ____ - answer double helix
Which of the following statements is not true of scientific experiments? - answer They
must occur under carefully controlled conditions found in a laboratory.
In an experiment, investigators try to control all of the variables except one—the one
that tests the hypothesis. Which of the following reasons is the primary rationale for
controlling variables in an experiment? - answer To eliminate alternative explanations
for the results of an experiment
Which of the following statements could not be supported or rejected by a scientific
experiment? - answer The first living cell on Earth came from outer space
Which of the following statements is true of a hypothesis? - answer A hypothesis can be
supported or rejected through experimentation.
Which of the following variables did Pasteur change in his experiment to test the
hypothesis of spontaneous generation? - answerThe shape of the flask
In Pasteur's experiment to test the hypothesis of spontaneous generation, why did he
boil the broth in both flasks? - answerTo kill any existing organisms in the broth
What results from the Zonosemata experiment support the sub-hypothesis that wing
waving alone reduces predation by jumping spiders? - answerZonosemata flies with
housefly wings are attacked less frequently.
Suppose that Zonosemata flies whose own wings had been clipped and reattached
were attacked more frequently than untreated Zonosemata flies. How would this result
affect the reliability of the other experimental results - answerAll results for the
experimental groups involving wing surgery would be invalid.
What are the independent variables, the variables that were manipulated by the
researcher? - answermouse coat color and the presence or absence of moonlight
What is the dependent variable, the response to the variables being tested? - answerthe
number of mice caught
How many dark brown mice were caught in the light-colored soil enclosure on a moonlit
night? - answer19
, How many dark brown mice were caught in the dark-colored soil enclosure on a moonlit
night? - answer12
On a moonlit night, would a dark brown mouse be more likely to escape predation by
owls on dark- or light-colored soil? What data support your conclusion? - answerOn
dark-colored soil; fewer dark brown mice were caught on dark soil than on light soil
under a full moon.
Is a dark brown mouse on dark-colored soil more likely to escape predation under a full
moon or with no moon? What data support your answer? - answerUnder a full moon;
the owl caught more dark mice when there was no moon (about 20) than when there
was a full moon (about 12).
Under which conditions would a dark brown mouse be most likely to escape predation
at night? - answeron dark-colored soil with full moon light
How many light brown mice were caught in the light-colored soil enclosure on a moonlit
night? - answer18
How many light brown mice were caught in the dark-colored soil enclosure on a moonlit
night? - answer28
On a moonlit night, would a light brown mouse be more likely to escape predation by
owls on dark- or light-colored soil? What data support your conclusion? - answerOn
light-colored soil; fewer light brown mice were caught on light soil than on dark soil
under a full moon.
Is a light brown mouse on light-colored soil more likely to escape predation under a full
moon or with no moon? What data support your answer? - answerUnder no moon; the
owl caught more light mice when there was a full moon (about 18) than when there was
no moon (about 11).
Under which conditions would a light brown mouse be most likely to escape predation at
night? - answeron light-colored soil with no moon
What combination of independent variables led to the highest predation level in
enclosures with light-colored soil? - answerdark brown coat with no moon
What combination of independent variables led to the highest predation level in
enclosures with dark-colored soil? - answerlight brown coat with full moon
in a natural experiment, the researcher can conclude that any observed health effects
may be related to exposure to the toxic chemical, but establishing direct causation is
difficult. - answerNatural experiments are usually limited to establishing correlation,
whereas manipulative experiments can more strongly suggest causation.
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