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Mastering biology - exam 2 Questions and Answers 2024
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Mastering biology - exam 2
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Mastering biology - exam 2All of the following are part of a prokaryotic cell except: - answer an endoplasmic
reticulum
Which of the following is a major cause of the size limits for certain types of cells? -
answer the need for a surface area of sufficient area to allow the cell's function
Beginning within the nucleus, the first step leading to the synthesis of a polypeptide is
_____. - answer transferring of information from DNA to messenger RNA
Large numbers of ribosomes are present in cells that specialize in producing which of
the following molecules? - answer Proteins
Which organelle plays a role in intracellular digestion? - answer Lysosomes
Under which of the following conditions would you expect to find a cell with a
predominance of free ribosomes? - answer a cell that is producing cytoplasmic
enzymes
Which type of organelle is primarily involved in the synthesis of oils, phospholipids, and
steroids? - answer Smooth ER
Which structure is the site of the synthesis of proteins that may be exported from the
cell? - answer Rough ER
In animal cells, hydrolytic enzymes are packaged to prevent general destruction of
cellular components. Which of the following organelles functions in this
compartmentalization? - answer Lysosomes
Tay-Sachs disease is a human genetic abnormality that results in cells accumulating
and becoming clogged with very large and complex lipids. Which cellular organelle must
be involved in this condition? - answer Lysosome
The liver is involved in detoxification of many poisons and drugs. Which of the following
structures is primarily involved in this process and therefore abundant in liver cells? -
answer Smooth ER
Which of the following contains hydrolytic enzymes? - answerLysosomes
Which of the following is a compartment that often takes up much of the volume of a
plant cell? - answerVacuole
, Which is one of the main energy transformers of cells? - answerMitochondria
Which of the following contains its own DNA and ribosomes? - answerMitochondria
Which of the following contains enzymes that transfer hydrogen from various substrates
to oxygen? - answerPeroxisome
Grana, thylakoids, and stroma are all components found in - answerChloroplast
Organelles other than the nucleus that contain DNA include - answerMitochondria and
Chloroplast only
A biologist ground up some plant leaf cells and then centrifuged the mixture to
fractionate the organelles. Organelles in one of the heavier fractions could produce ATP
in the light, while organelles in the lighter fraction could produce ATP in the dark. The
heavier and lighter fractions are most likely to contain, respectively, - answerChloroplast
and Mitochondria
Which of the following are capable of converting light energy to chemical energy? -
answerChloroplast
A cell has the following molecules and structures: enzymes, DNA, ribosomes, plasma
membrane, and mitochondria. It could be a cell from - answerPlant or animal
The mitochondrion, like the nucleus, has two or more membrane layers. How is the
innermost of these layers different from that of the nucleus? - answerThe inner
mitochondrial membrane is highly folded.
The cilia and flagella of eukaryotic cells are composed of _____. - answermicrotubules
Motor proteins provide for molecular motion in cells by interacting with what types of
cellular structures? - answerCytoskeleton
Cells can be described as having a cytoskeleton of internal structures that contribute to
the shape, organization, and movement of the cell. Which of the following are part of the
cytoskeleton? - answerMicrofilaments
Which of the following contain the 9 + 2 arrangement of microtubules? - answerFlagella
and Cilia
If an individual has abnormal microtubules, due to a hereditary condition, in which
organs or tissues would you expect dysfunction? - answersperm, larynx, and trachea
Which of the following possesses a microtubular structure similar to a basal body? -
answercentriole
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