NSG:521 Module #1 Study Guide
What is pathophysiology? - correct answer our bodies trying hard to help up adapt to the environments
we find ourselves in, that sometimes the body goes overboard, helps maintain balance and keep going
-its the overzealous aspect of our body the causes sickness
state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease of
infirmity - correct answer health
A particular abnormal condition that affects part or all of can organism. Often construed as a medical
condition associated with specific symptoms and signs - correct answer disease (pathology)
What is the perspective do we look at when viewing a patient? - correct answer holistic view, the whole
person is the patient; not just signs and symptoms
What is our approach when looking at a patient? - correct answer integrative
What is psychoneuroimmunology? - correct answer the study of how psychological, neural, and
endocrine processes together affect the immune system and resulting health
What systems make up PNI - correct answer -psycho
-neurological
-immune
-endocrine
What looks at the interaction between the CNS (brain and spinal cord) and the immune system (organs
and cells) and how they communicate with one another? - correct answer PNI
Both the CNS and the immune systems send out what that act as messengers between the 2 systems -
correct answer messengers
-small molecules
-proteins
,NSG:521 Module #1 Study Guide
What signals does the CNS release? - correct answer hormones and neurotransmitters
What signals does the immune system send out? - correct answer cytokines
PNI describes - correct answer -origin of behavior
-and how we are within the world
What is the idea that illness occurs when the immune system breaks down, when the body fails is when
we get sick...due to stress you get sick - correct answer traditional biomedical view
What is the idea that mental illness is a problem with the mind separate from the body? - correct
answer Traditional psychoanalytic view
These two views are becoming _____ supports by evidence as time goes on - correct answer less
Our ____________ affects _____, ________, ________, ___________ and ___________ all effect our
health and well being - correct answer environment, moods, emotions, behaviors, brainwaves, and
neurotransmitters
There are very powerful connections between the ______ and _______ - correct answer mind and the
body
________, _________, and ________ are produced by microbes in the _________ - correct answer
GABA, Serotonin, and Dopamine; gut
What percentage of serotonin is produced in the gut? - correct answer 90%
What does serotonin regulate? - correct answer mood, appetite, and sleep
What do certain microbes do in our gut when pertaining to GABA? - correct answer increase the # of
GABA receptors in the brain
,NSG:521 Module #1 Study Guide
Do psychological factors influence immune system-mediated disease or is the presence of a disease
causing agent sufficient to cause disease? - correct answer sometimes, but not always...are there other
factors could be psychological sometimes
Things going on in our ______ affect our immune system and if we get sick - correct answer psyche
What factors determine how resilient we are in the face of environmental threats? - correct answer -we
need an:
--agent
--susceptible host
--environment that brings host and agent together
Immune system compromised of unable to recognize a foreign material - correct answer disease;
infectious disease, auto-immune disease, cancer
PNI is a theoretical perspective and way of doing science that is: - correct answer -multidisciplinary
-revealing the processes the underlie health and illness
PNI is the study of the the body responds to its environment in a concerted and strategic manner using:
- correct answer -the brain and neurological system
-endocrine system
-the immune system
--all interacting with one another
PNI can also be referred to as - correct answer PNEI, endocrine isn't always put in the accronym
The study of the interaction between psychological processes and the nervous and immune systems of
the human body? - correct answer PNI
What are the main interests of PNI? - correct answer the relationship between mental processes and
health
What greek doctors that that diseases were caused by an imbalance of the humors? - correct answer
Galen and Hippocrates
What two emotions were thought to derive from an excess of blood? - correct answer hope and vigor
Who coined the term homeostasis and fight of flight response - correct answer Walter Cannon
What did Cannon's work led too? - correct answer -field of psychosomatic medicine
-field of stress research
What is the three-stage process that describes the physiological changes your body goes through when
under stress. - correct answer General adaptation syndrome
Who came up with the idea for GAS - correct answer Hans Selye
What are the 3 stages of GAS - correct answer alarm, resistance, exhaustion
What type of stress is beneficial - correct answer eustress
Why is some stress good? - correct answer -heightens awareness when needed
-helps up react when needed
-good things also stress us out (new spouse, child etc)
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